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Music Appreciation > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Pitch

A

Highness or lowness of a musical sound

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2
Q

Tone

A

A musical sound with a definite pitch

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3
Q

Staff

A

Five horizontal lines and four spaces on which music symbols are placed

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4
Q

Interval

A

Distance between two tones

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5
Q

Octave

A

An interval comprising the first and eighth notes of a major or minor scale

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6
Q

Dynamics

A

Loudness or softness of a tone

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7
Q

Forte

A

“loud”

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8
Q

Fortissimo

A

“very loud”

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9
Q

Piano

A

“soft”

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10
Q

Pianissimo

A

“very soft”

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11
Q

Crescendo

A

A gradual increase in the volume of sound

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12
Q

Decrescendo

A

A gradual decrease in the intensity of sound

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13
Q

Terraced Dynamics

A

Abrupt changes of dynamic level

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14
Q

Rhythm

A

Movement of music in time with recurring beats and accents

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15
Q

Beat

A

A recurring rhythmic pulse of music

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16
Q

Accent

A

Emphasis or stress placed on a musical beat

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17
Q

Meter

A

A term that denotes the organization of rhythm into patterns of strong and weak beats

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18
Q

Measure

A

A grouping of beats or pulses into a fixed order

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19
Q

Tempo

A

The rate of speed at which a musical piece is performed, or relative pace of the music

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20
Q

Accelerando

A

To gradually get faster

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21
Q

Rallentando

A

To gradually get slower

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22
Q

Melody

A

A succession of notes perceived as a meaningful line

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23
Q

Diatonic Scale

A

A scale that consists of five whole steps and two half steps

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24
Q

Minor Scale

A

An ascending patter of seven tones

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25
Q

Pentatonic Scale

A

A five-note scale often found in folk music and non-western music

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26
Q

Chromatic Scale

A

A scale that utilizes all twelve pitches

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27
Q

Sequence

A

Melodic phrase repeated at different pitch levels

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28
Q

Cadence

A

The close of musical phrase

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29
Q

Tonic

A

The first and most important note

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30
Q

Harmony

A

Simultaneous combination of notes which form chords

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31
Q

Chord

A

Three or more notes heard simultaneously

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32
Q

Triad

A

A chord consisting of three tones of intervals

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33
Q

Dissonance

A

Two or more notes sounding together to produce “unsettled” sounds

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34
Q

Consonance

A

Interval or chord that has a pleasing, stable sound

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35
Q

Monophony

A

A single unaccompanied melodic line

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36
Q

Homophony

A

A melody is accompanied by chords producing harmony

37
Q

Polyphony

A

Two or more melodies played simultaneously

38
Q

Heterophony

A

Two or more voices in which a melody is embellished by one voice and the others perform it simply

39
Q

Timbre

A

The characteristic quality of a voice or instrument

40
Q

Soprano

A

Highest female voice

41
Q

Mezzo Soprano

A

Medium-range female voice

42
Q

Alto

A

Low female voice, high male voice

43
Q

Tenor

A

High male voice

44
Q

Baritone

A

Medium-range male voice

45
Q

Bass

A

Low male voice

46
Q

Band

A

A large instrumental ensemble consisting of brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments

47
Q

Conductor

A

A person who leads performances of music ensembles such as bands, orchestras, or choirs

48
Q

Concertmaster

A

A member of the orchestra, usually the principal violinist, who is the assistant to the conductor

49
Q

String Family

A

A family of instruments whose sound is produced by vibration of the strings either by plucking or bowing

50
Q

Violin

A

Highest range of the bowed string family

51
Q

Viola

A

Lower range than violin

52
Q

Cello

A

Lower than viola, higher than double bass

53
Q

Double Bass

A

Largest member of string family, lowest range

54
Q

Harp

A

Plucked-string instrument, triangular in shape

55
Q

Pizzicato

A

Performer plucks the strings, rather than bowing

56
Q

Col Legno

A

Play with the stick of the bow

57
Q

Tremolo

A

The moving backwards and forward on a string instrument with the bow

58
Q

Woodwind Family

A

Instrumental family made wood or metal whose sound is produced by vibrations of air in a tube

59
Q

Flute

A

A woodwing made of metal, with a high range

60
Q

Piccolo

A

Smallest woodwind with highest range

61
Q

Oboe

A

A double-reed woodwind with medium-high range

62
Q

Clarinet

A

A single-reed woodwind

63
Q

Bassoon

A

Double-reed woodwind with a low range

64
Q

English Horn

A

Double-reed woodwind, lower range

65
Q

Saxophone

A

Single-reed instrument used in jazz

66
Q

Brass Family

A

Family of instruments made of brass or silver whose sound is produced by buzzing the lips into a mouthpiece

67
Q

Trumpet

A

Highest-pitched brass instrument that changes pitch by depressing of valves

68
Q

Cornet

A

Brass instrument like a trumpet, but more mellow

69
Q

French Horn

A

A brass instrument with medium range

70
Q

Trombone

A

Brass range of a moderately low range with a movable slide to change pitch

71
Q

Tuba

A

Largest brass instrument with the lowest range that changes pitch by depressing valves

72
Q

Percussion Family

A

A family of instruments of either definite or indefinite pitch whose sound is made by striking with hammer/stick

73
Q

Timpani

A

Percussion instrument shaped like large copper upside-down kettles; pedal mechanism changes pitch

74
Q

Chimes

A

Percussion instrument of definite pitch, with suspended metal tubes that are struck with a hammer

75
Q

Cymbal

A

Percussion instruments consisting of two large plates that are struck together

76
Q

Triangle

A

A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch consisting of metal bent into a triangle shape

77
Q

Tambourine

A

A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch consisting of a round frame with pairs of small metal plates that jingle

78
Q

Xylophone

A

A percussion instrument of definite pitch consisting of flat blocks of wood laid on a frame

79
Q

Snare Drum

A

A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch, small cylinder with skind stretched over the end

80
Q

Bass Drum

A

A percussion instrument of indefinite pitch played with a large soft mallet

81
Q

Piano

A

An acoustic, stringed musical instrument

82
Q

Pianoforte

A

A keyboard instrument invented in 1700’s that uses a mechanism in which the strings are struck

83
Q

Harpsichord

A

Popular Baroque keyboard; strings were plucked by small plectrum or quill

84
Q

Pipe Organ

A

Large instrument having several keyboards and ranks of tuned pipes of various sizes

85
Q

Opus

A

“work”

86
Q

Score

A

Notated parts for all the voices and instruments of a music composition

87
Q

Symphony

A

A large work for orchestra

88
Q

Symphony Orchestra

A

A large instrumental ensemble consisting of strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion

Music Appreciation (1 decks)

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