Chapter 1

Question 1

What are some causes of LAN congestion?

Answer 1

• Too many host in a collision or broadcast domain.
• Broadcast storms
• Too much multicast traffic
• Low Bandwidth
• Adding hubs for connectivity to the network
• A bunch of ARP broadcasts

Question 2

What are two advantages to using routers?

Answer 2

• They don’t forward broadcast by default

* They can filter the network based on layer 3 ( Network Layer) information such as an IP address

Question 3

What are the four ways a router functions in your network?

Answer 3

• Packet switching
• Packet filtering
• Internetwork communication
• Path Selection

Question 4

Collision Domain

Answer 4

Is an Ethernet term used to describe a network scenario in which one device sends out a packet on a network segment and every other device on that same segment is forced to pay attention no matter what.

Question 5

Application Layer 7

Answer 5

File, print, message, database, and application service

Question 6

Presentation Layer 6

Answer 6

Data encryption, compression, and translation services

Question 7

Session Layer 5

Answer 7

Dialog control.

Responsible for setting up, managing, and dismantling sessions and keeping user data separate.

Question 8

Transport Layer 4

Answer 8

End-to-end connection

Question 9

Network Layer 3

Answer 9

Routing

Question 10

Data Link Layer 2

Answer 10

Framing

Provides for the physical transmission of data and handles error notification, network topology, and flow control.

Question 11

Physical Layer 1

Answer 11

Physical Topology

Question 12

Steps in the connection-oriented session- three way handshake.

Answer 12

• The first “ connection agreement” segment is a request for synchronization ( SYN)
• The. Ext segments acknowledge (ACK) the request and establish connection parameters-the rules- between hosts. These segments request that the receivers sequencing is synchronized here as well so that the bidirectional connection be formed.
• The final segment is also an acknowledgement, which notifies the destination host that the connection has been established. Data transfer can now begin.

Question 13

What is the purpose of flow control?

Answer 13

To provide a way for the receiving device to control the amount of data sent by the sender.

Question 14

Connection-oriented characteristics

Answer 14

• A virtual circuit, or “ three-way handshake” is set up.
• It uses sequencing
• It uses acknowledgements
• It uses flow control

Question 15

Window

Answer 15

The quantity of data segments, measured in bytes, that the transmitting machine is allowed to send

Question 16

Session multiplexing

Answer 16

It happens when a client connects to a server with multiple browser sessions.

Question 17

Latency

Answer 17

The time measured from when a frame enters a port to when exits a port.