Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

influence of media on crime policies?

A

fear of crime is worse than crime itself

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2
Q

moral panic

A

in the media, the most dramatic or serious crimes capture a large degree of attention, but only represent a very small portion of crime

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3
Q

victimization paradox

A

people fear becoming victims of crime far more than their likelihood of every being victimized.

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4
Q

what are the major theories of crime?

A

social disorganization theory, low self control theory, and strain theory

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5
Q

social disorganization theory

A

crime occurs in disorganized communities where there is a breakdown of social controls

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6
Q

low self control theory

A

crime is committed by people who are impulsive and like to take risks; they care little about long-term consequences

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7
Q

strain theory

A

crime occurs because people cannot achieve what they want through legitimate means

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8
Q

liberal solution to crime?

A

due process

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9
Q

conservative solution to crime?

A

crime control

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10
Q

crime control

A

emphasizes the ends over means; swift justice; “assembly line.” Made by Packer. Sees wrongful convictions as acceptable to catch all crime.

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11
Q

due process

A

emphasizes human freedom; quality over quantity; creates an “obstacle course” to incarceration. Sees wrongful convictions as unacceptable.

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12
Q

rational choice perspective

A

thinks that all human beings weigh their options carefully before committing a crime rather than taking into account environmental factors

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13
Q

four major types of crime policies?

A

deterrence, retribution, incapacitation, rehabilitation

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14
Q

deterrence

A

concerned with discouraging criminal behavior through fear of punishment. It ignores factors that are known to influence crime, assumes that offenders are calculating and weigh pros/cons of crime, unsupported by research.

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15
Q

retribution

A

concerned with punishment, payback, and giving offenders their just desserts. Limitations include: punishments are not always proportional and myopic (not concerned with stopping future crime).

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16
Q

incapactiation

A

involves removing criminals from society by placing then in prisons/jails. Costly and short-sighted.

17
Q

rehabilitation

A

consists of a planned intervention intended to change behavior. concerned with long term crime prevention. Limitations include that is assumes all people can change, behavior does not change overnight, and does not work in the short term.