Chapter 1 Flashcards
Phospholipid layer contains:
Hydrophilic Head and Hydrophobic Tails
What are 3 different types of passive transport?
Simple diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, Osmosis
What are 2 types of active transport?
Primary and Secondary active transport
In passive transport, how do substances move in a concentration gradient?
Move DOWN a concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
In active transport, how do substances move along the concentration gradient?
Move AGAINST a concentration gradient, from low to high concentration.
Active transport requires [blank].
Energy, ATP
What are 2 main classes of membrane transport proteins?
Channels (always passive) and Transporters (passive or active)
What transport types require a protein carrier?
Facilitated diffusion, primary active transport, secondary active transport
Simple diffusion is determined by [blank], [blank], and [blank].
Amount of substance available (concentration gradient), Velocity of motion (small vs large substance), number and size of openings (permeability)
A chemical gradient is determined by a difference in [blank] across the membrane.
Concentration
Electrical gradient is a difference in [blank] across a membrane.
Charge
What limits the maximum rate of facilitated diffusion? (2)
Saturation (limited number of binding sites) and Speed of conformational change
What is the Nernst equation?
An equation used to calculate the equilibrium potential (Veq.) of an ion. It is the membrane potential at which no net movement of the ion in question occurs across the membrane.
What are the two types of secondary active transport?
Symport and antiport
Secondary Active Transport
Coupled movement of an ion (Na+) down its electrochemical gradient to the uphill movement of another molecule or ion against a concentration/electrochemical gradient (Glucose)
