Chapter 1 Flashcards
The highness or lowness of sound
Pitch
T/F
Sound is created by sound waves
True
The rate of vibration of sound waves
Frequency
T/F
The faster vibration = the higher the pitch
The lower the vibration = the lower the pitch
True
When a pitch consistently vibrates at the same speed
Tone
We refer to tones with letter names
A-G
True
Accidentals
Sharps and flats
Move up a half step
Sharp
- number symbol
Flats
A whole step is how many half steps
Two
Flats
Move down a half step
when two notes have different letter names but sound the exact same
Enharmonic equivalents
b
Flat symbol
A# and Bb
Enharmonic equivalent
music is notated on five lines and four spaces called what
A staff
Which sign is also known as the G clef because the clef sign wraps around the G?
The treble clef
From the bottom up the spaces spell this on treble clef
FACE
the lines on the treble clef spell this
EGBDF
Every good boy does fine
also known as the F clef because the symbol starts on the F line and the dots are on either side of the F line
Bass clef
The spaces on the bass clef spell this
ACEG
All cows eat grass
The lines on the bass clef spell this
GBDFA
Good boy does fine always
To extend the staff up or down add these individual lines
Ledger lines
The distance between two tones is called
An interval
The interval of the eighth is called
An octave
The sound waves in the higher tone vibrate exactly twice as fast as the lower tone
Octave
The loudness or softness of sound
Dynamics
prior to the 17th century how did musicians deal with dynamics
Adjusted the number of performers
kind of instruments/voices used
Acoustics of performance site
Forte
Loud
Piano
Soft
Mezzo
Medium
Issimo
Very
To gradually get louder
Crescendo
To gradually get softer
Decrescendo
To gradually get softer - another term
Diminuendo
Mf
Mezzo forte
Mp
Mezzo piano = medium soft
Ff
Fortissimo - very loud
Pp
Pianissimo - very soft
low notes happen more frequently than high notes
True
Muffled
Hands around mouth
Hand flared around mouth
Bright
On piano the white keys are
Natural notes
On the piano the black keys are
Sharps or flats
Sharps raise notes
True
Flats lower notes
True
The lowest note
G
Major
Sad
Minor
Happy
WWHWWWH
Major
WHWWHWW
Minor
