Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

API > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

human anatomy

A

the science concerned with the structure of the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

physiology

A

the science concerned with the function of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

first anatomical observations?

A

as far back as 3000 yrs ago in Mesopotamia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

origin of dissection of cadavers?

A

basis for understanding the human body for many centuries, graduate students would rob graves in order to study them and then return them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how are scientists currently studying anatomy?

A

using microscopes and radiography by looking at what is going on inside cells instead of the larger organ systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hippocrates

A

Greek, Father of Medicine

Hippocratic Oath 400 BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aristotle

A

Greek
Father of Comparative Anatomy
350 BC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Celsus

A

Roman
First medical author in print
30 BC - 30 AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A

Renaissance
anatomical drawings of quality
1452 - 1519

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vesalius

A

Renaissance

Father of Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Malapighi

A

European
Father of Histology (study of tissues)
described capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Watson, Crick, Wilkins, Franklin

A

structure of DNA 1953

won the Noble Peace Prize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is science today?

A
  1. a method of learning about the physical world around us
  2. based on Natural Laws
  3. testable
  4. hypothesis driven
  5. tentative conclusions
  6. based on the scientific method
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

scientific method

A
  1. observation - ask a question
  2. hypothesis - make a prediction
  3. experiment - test the prediction, result
  4. interpret data - statistics, what does the data show?
  5. conclusion - accept or reject hypothesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is the Scientific Method so good?

A
  1. Universal - it doesn’t matter what language I speak + I can repeat experiment
  2. rigor - everything is standardized against a control
  3. peer review - before publishing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

homeostasis

A

the constancy of the body’s internal environment

temperature, PH, + internal conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

feedback mechanisims

A

certain mechanisms in place which help the body maintain its internal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

negative feedback

A

most common

  1. environmental change (step on nail)
  2. sensor (nerve)
  3. regulatory center (central nervous system)
  4. effector (message motor neuron)
  5. reverse inhibitor (pull foot off nail)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

positive feedback

A

a mechanism that brings about an even greater change in the same direction
* the action continues to build until the biological process is complete
* has a definite end point
* Ex - childbirth
hormone oxytocin causes contractions, more and more oxytocin is released until the baby is born, then hormone levels decline

20
Q

organ systems

A

work together to maintain homeostasis

21
Q

list organ systems

A
  1. Integumentary
  2. Skeletal + Muscular
  3. Nervous
  4. Endocrine
  5. Cardiovascular
  6. Lymphatic
  7. Respiratory
  8. Digestive
  9. Urinary
  10. Reproductive
22
Q

Integumentary System

A

SKIN
protects the body and underlying tissues from injury, pathogens and water loss
* helps regulate body temperature
*sensory reception

23
Q

Skeletal + Muscular System

A

supports + moves the body
protects internal organs
actively involved in motion

24
Q

Nervous System

A

conducts nerve impulses

25
Q

Endocrine System

A

secretes chemical hormones that serve as messengers between body parts

26
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

removes wastes
transports gases
transports nutrients

27
Q

Lymphatic System

A 
protects the body from disease by:
purifying lymph 
\+ supporting lymphocytes (white blood cells)
\+ absorbs fat
\+collects excess tissue fluid
28
Q

Respiratory System

A

brings oxygen to the body

+ carries away carbon dioxide

29
Q

Digestive System

A

receives food and digests it into nutrients which can enter the cells

30
Q

Urinary System

A

rids the body of nitrogenous wastes
regulates body fluid levels
regulates chemical content of blood (how viscous is the blood)

31
Q

Reproductive System

A

production of offspring

32
Q

anatomical position

A 
body erect
anterior side (belly side)
feet slightly apart
palms forward
thumbs point away
33
Q

superior

A

toward head

34
Q

inferior

A

away from head

35
Q

My heart is ? to my feet

A

superior

36
Q

anterior/ventral

A

toward front of body

37
Q

posterior/dorsal

A

toward back of body

38
Q

medial

A

toward the midline

39
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline

40
Q

intermediate

A

between a medial and lateral structure

41
Q

My hand is ? to my elbow

A

lateral

42
Q

proximal

A

closer to

43
Q

distal

A

farther from

44
Q

body planes

A 
sagittal
midsagittal or medial
frontal or coronal
transverse or horizontal
oblique
45
Q

sagittal

A

divides into left and right parts

46
Q

midsagittal or medial

A

lies on the midline

API (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions