Chapter 1 Flashcards
What octave is middle C?
C4
How many lines and spaces are on a staff?
5 lines
4 spaces
What is the pattern of steps in a major scale?
W W H W W W H
Sharps and Flats are written (before/after) the note it applies to.
before
Where should accidentals be written in relation to the note it applies?
on the same line/space (before the note)
Double flats are written like…
bb
Double sharps are written like…
X
Two notes that sound the same are called _____.
Enharmonic
List the pattern of sharps.
F C G D A E B
List the pattern of flats.
B E A D G C F
How do you determine the key of a key signature using sharps?
Look at the last sharp—the key is a half step up.
How do you determine the key of a key signature using flats?
Look at the second to last flat—this is the key.
Where should the stem of a note be placed if the note is on the middle line?
either up or down is acceptable
Where should the stem of a note be placed if the note is above the middle line?
down
Where should the stem of a note be placed if the note is below the middle line?
up
What is the difference between a major and natural minor scale?
The 3rd, 6th, and 7th of the major scale are flatted
What is the harmonic minor scale?
Natural minor scale with a raised 7th
Flat 3rd, 6th; Natural 7th
What is the melodic minor scale?
Natural minor scale with a raised 6th and 7th ASCENDING
(Flat 3rd; Natural 6th and 7th)
When descending, follow the natural minor scale
T/F: Harmonic and Melodic minor keys are written with sharps and flats.
False: Harmonic and Melodic minors are not keys—they are variations of the natural minor keys and are written in using accidentals.
To find a relative minor key…
… take the major key, and go down 3 half steps.
To find a relative major key…
… take the minor key and go up 3 half steps.
What are relative keys?
Major and Minor keys that share a key signature.
What is the note name for Scale Degree 1?
Tonic
What is the note name for Scale Degree 2?
Supertonic
What is the note name for Scale Degree 3?
Mediant
What is the note name for Scale Degree 4?
Subdominant
What is the note name for Scale Degree 5?
Dominant
What is the note name for Scale Degree 6?
Submediant
What is the note name for Scale Degree 7?
Leading tone
What is the note name for Scale Degree flat 7?
Subtonic
Perfect/Major: 1
Perfect
Perfect/Major: 2
Major
Perfect/Major: 3
Major
Perfect/Major: 4
Perfect
Perfect/Major: 5
Perfect
Perfect/Major: 6
Major
Perfect/Major: 7
Major
Perfect/Major: Octave (8)
Perfect
If a major interval is lowered a half step, it becomes _____.
Minor
If a perfect interval is lowered a half step, it becomes _____.
Diminished
If a major interval is lowered a whole step, it becomes _____.
Diminished
If a perfect interval is raised a half step, it becomes _____.
Augmented
If a major interval is raised a half step, it becomes _____.
Augmented
Augmented can be written two ways:
A or +
Diminished can be written two ways:
d or º
Inversions’ intervals add up to the number ___.
9
What happens to a major interval when it is inverted?
It becomes minor
What happens to a minor interval when it is inverted?
It becomes major
What happens to a perfect interval when it is inverted?
It stays perfect
What happens to an augmented interval when it is inverted?
It becomes diminished
What happens to a diminished interval when it is inverted?
It becomes augmented
