Chapter 1 Flashcards
A new bond issue will include warrants to:
Increase attractiveness of the issue to the public.
By including warrants with debt issues, issuers increase marketability of bonds. Warrants offer long-term opportunity to buy the underlying stock at a fixed price. In addition to increasing marketability, the issuer can offer the bonds with a lower coupon rate and as a result, reduce fixed costs.
All other factors equal, an investor would expect which type of preferred stock to pay the highest stated dividend rate?
Callable.
Ex-date for NYSE-listed issues is set by:
The NYSE
Ex-date is set by the market where the security principally trades.
A change in earnings would affect the price of which of the following securities the most?
- treasury stock
- common stock
- 10% debentures maturing in 10 years
- 6% preferred stock
10% debentures maturing in 10 years.
Common stock is most sensitive to earnings changes because, as owners, common shareholders have a claim on the earnings of the firm.
Advantages of REITs
Liquidity
Diversification
Professional Management
REIT is a professionally managed company that invests in diversified portfolio of real estate holdings. They are traded on exchanges and OTC, which provides liquidity. IRS does not permit tax deferrals on REIT investments.
A stockholder owns 200 shares of common stock in a corporation that features statutory voting. If an election is being held in which 6 candidates are running for 3 seats, the stockholder could cast the votes:
200 for each of the 3 directors.
Stockholder has one vote per seat for each share he owns. Under statutory voting, he must allocate an equal number to each seat.
New Offering: 800,000 units at $6 per unit. Each unit has 2 shares of common stock and 1 warrant. Each warrant is to purchase 1/2 share of common stock. How many shares of stock will be sold and how many warrants?
1.6 million shares and 800,000 warrants.
Warrants can be distributed to stockholders in an underwriting as part of a unit. As a form of bonus to entice investors to purchase the unit.
A company set up to invest in real estate, mortgages, construction and development loans that must distribute at least 90% of its net income to avoid paying taxes on the income distributed is called:
a Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT)
A convertible preferred stock issue (par value $100) is selling at $125 and is convertible into 5 shares of common stock. Conversion price of common stock is:
20
Par value divided by conversion price equals the number of shares into which the security is convertible. If this security is convertible into 5 shares we need to know what number goes into $100 5 times.
Advantages of investing in ADRs (American Depositary Receipts)
ADRs fall under oversight of the SEC
Transactions are done in US currency
Dividends are received in US currency
Terms applicable to REITs
Dividends taxed at full ordinary income rates
Managed
Secondary Market
REITs trade in the secondary market and are not redeemable. They are actively managed, and dividends do not meet the requirements to be taxed as qualified dividends, so they are taxed as ordinary income.
a client who seeks diversification through real estate is concerned about illiquidity associated with investing in real estate, which of the following investments is most suitable?
- privately placed investment
- interest in a real estate limited partnership
- Real estate investment trust
- direct investment in a shopping center renting space
REIT - Real Estate Investment Trust
Market traded securities that provide an investor with a liquid market in which to invest in real estate.
Which of the following is an equity security?
- REIT share
- mortgage secured bond
- GNMA pass-through certificate
- collateralized mortgage obligation
REIT share
Equity security that represents undivided ownership in a portfolio of real estate investments.
Last day that stocks can be bought for cash and still receive the dividend is:
The Record Date
Cash trade settles the same day.
ADRs
Issued by large domestic commercial banks to facilitate US investors who want to trade in foreign securities.
Common stock of ABC currently earns $3 per share. If price-to-earnings ratio for this stock is 14, what is the current market price?
42
Price-to-earnings ratio equals the market price divided by the earnings per share. (14 x $3 = $42)
Feature of preferred stock that allows the holder to reduce the risk of inflation:
Convertible.
Fixed dollar investments such as bonds and preferred stock are subject to inflation risk, which is the risk that the fixed interest or dividend payments will be worth less over time in terms of purchasing power. The ability to convert to common stock, which tends to keep pace with inflation, offsets this risk.
A company that has issued cumulative preferred stock:
pays past and current preferred dividends before paying dividends on common stock.
Bond interest is always paid before dividends. Dividends in arrears have the highest priority of dividends to be paid.
If a corporation attaches warrants to a new issue of debt securities, a resulting benefit to the corporation would be:
Reduction of debt securities interest rate.
In general, a corporation assumes the LEAST risk when it obtains funds from:
Sale of preferred stock.
Sale of preferred stock does not entail the assumption of debt and therefore is the least risky. It is ALWAYS riskier to borrow than to raise equity because equity does not have to be paid back.
Which of the following statements regarding the effects of a stock dividend is TRUE?
- capital surplus is reduced
- net current assets are decreased
- market value of stock is decreased
- new capital is channeled to the company
Market Value of the stock is DECREASED.
A stock dividend results in an increased number of outstanding shares, each with a lower value per share. Total value of outstanding stock is unchanged. There is no new capital generated from a stock dividend. Current assets are unchanged because there is no increase or decrease to the company’s cash as a result of the stock dividend.
Cash dividends from REITs are:
Taxed as ordinary income.
ADRs are used to facilitate the:
Domestic trading of foreign securities.
ADR is a negotiable security that represents ownership interest in a non-US company. Because they trade in the US marketplace, they allow investors convenient access to foreign securities.
ABCs stock has paid a regular dividend ever quarter for the last several years. If the price of the stock has remained the same over the past year, but the dividend amount per share has increased, it may be concluded that ABCs:
Current Yield per share has increased.
Current yield is income (dividend) divided by price. A higher dividend divided by the same price results in a higher yield. Stocks do not have a Yield to Maturity.