Chapter 1-6 Study Flashcards
Scientific method?
Observation. Hypothesis. Experiment. Results. Conclusions. Findings.
Refractory period
When a neuron is resting in between fires
Peripheral Nervous System
Everything else
Besides central NS
Behavioral
Says we have no choice
Neuron
Basic unit of nervous system
Dendrites
Detect messages from other neurons
Learning
A relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience
Encoding
1st encounter
Making things meaningful
Axon
Carry signals away from cell body
Action potential
Moves from one end of the axon to the other like a flame traveling along a fuse
Reinforcement
Any consequence that makes it more likely you’ll do it again
Extinction
Occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears
Central nervous system
Brain / Spinal Cord
Acetylcholine
1st neurotransmitter to be identified
Found throughout the body
Muscle movement, cognitive functioning
Experimental stage of scientific method?
Sample. Independent variable. Dependent variable
Norepinephrine
Alertness, arousal, learning, memory
Neurotransmitters
Stored in the axon
Go in the synapse and are then grabbed up
Punishment
Decreases probability you’ll do something again. Anything that makes it less likely you’ll repeat a behavior
Operant conditioning
The probability of a behavior is determined by it’s consequence
Serotonin
Sleeping, eating, mood, pain, depression
Cognitive learning
What you know not necessarily what you do
Observational learning
Pay attention
Remember
Reproducing
Motivation
Latent learning
Hidden learning
Storing
Filing it away for later use
Retrieving
Remembering
Memory
The process of storing, encoding & retrieving info
Types of memory
Sensory
Short term
Long term
Sensory memory
Shortest lasting
Near perfect
Lasts under 2 seconds
Short term
“Working memory”
15-30 seconds
Contains your recent perceptions that you are currently focusing on
Consciously processing
Can only hold approx 7 +/- 2 chunks of info
Long term
Remembering is taking out of LTM & putting it in STM
Total memory
2 dif types of retrieving info: recognizing & recall
Types of LTM
Semantic: Long term knowledge of general factual info (dates, word def, mathematical formulas)
Episodic: personal
Procedural: how things are done
Mnemonics
Memory tricks used to improve recall
Soma
Cell body
Humanistic
Says we do have a choice
Synapse
Space between two neurons where the axon of a sending neuron communicates with the dendrites of a receiving neuron by using chemical messages
Dopeminew
Motor movement, pleasure & reward center, attention
+ = scizo
- = parkinson
Types of mnemonics
Association: deliberate encoding
Acronym: word or phrase where every letter is a retrieval cue
Acrostic: like acronym but sentence instead of word. Order cannot be switched
Terminal buttons
Send messages forward to other neurons
