Chapter 1

Question 1

Knapp’s Law

Axial ametropia vs Refractive ametropia (glasses or contacts?)

Answer 1

Axial: glasses
Refractive: contacts

Question 2

Javal’s rule to compensate for lenticular astigmatism

Answer 2

Add -.50 ATR (to compensate for lenticular astig in all eyes)

Question 3

To convert to plus cylinder put on a optical cross and write the most minus first

Answer 3

True

Question 4

When you scope with light vertical you are scoping the 180

Answer 4

True

Question 5

When you scope with the light horizontal you are scoping the 90

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Accommodative demand in diopters is equal to the reciprocal of the working distance

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Barrel distortion occurs with high myopic or hyperopic?

Answer 7

Myopic

Question 8

AC/A ration in CE and CI

Answer 8

CE = high AC/A
CI = low AC/A

Question 9

Basic exophoria

Answer 9

about the same phoria at far and near

Question 10

DE (divergence excess)

Answer 10

Too exo at distance

Question 11

DI

Answer 11

Too eso at distance

Question 12

CE

Answer 12

Too eso at near

Question 13

CI

Answer 13

Too exo at near

Question 14

AC/A equation

Answer 14

= PD (cm) + working distance (M)(near phoria-distance phoria) eso is (-) and exo is (+)

Question 15

Formula for accommodative amplitude for age

Answer 15

= 18.5 - (.3)age

Question 16

Adding plus makes the eyes more eso or exo?

Answer 16

Exo

Question 17

Pseudo CI

Answer 17

Just need plus lenses. Its an accomm issue not a vergence issue

Question 18

Sheard’s criterion for prism

Answer 18

= 2/3 (phoria) - 1/3(vergence)

Question 19

Flipper tests what?

Answer 19

Accommodative facility
normal (for age 13-3-) is 8 cycles per minute binocular
and 12 cycles per minute monocular

Question 20

PRA test add minus and it stimulates accommodation and tests ____________

Answer 20

divergence (negative fusional vergence)

Question 21

NRA test add plus and it relaxes accommodation and tests _____________

Answer 21

convergence (positive fusional vergence)

Question 22

Anytime you have a sudden onset vertical diplopia think of what muscle problem

Answer 22

Superior oblique palsy

Question 23

Percival’s criterior

Answer 23

Prism = 1/3(greater vergence) - 2/3(lesser vergence)

Question 24

Negative fusional vergence is

Answer 24

divergence

Question 25

Positive fusional vergence is

Answer 25

convergence

Question 26

Sherrington’s Law

Answer 26

For every EOM that is innervated, there is an EOM of the same eye that is inhibited

Question 27

Herring’s Law

Answer 27

Equal innervation

Question 28

COWS

Answer 28

In healthy person nystagmus is induced by cold opposite, warm same

Question 29

Worth 4 Dot test

Answer 29

Sees 4 dots = normal
5 dots = strabismus
2 dots = left eye suppression
3 dots = right eye suppression

Question 30

On Von Grarfe vertical phoria testing how would you write it if the result is 2 BU over left eye?

Answer 30

2 prism diopters RHP (the patient has Left hypophoria but you always record the hyperphoria so it’s a right hyperphoria)

Question 31

Negative relative accommodation is adding what lenses to eye for patient to clear?

Answer 31

Plus

Question 32

Positive relative accommodation is adding what lenses to the eye for patient to clear?

Answer 32

Minus

Question 33

DEM test

Answer 33

Developmental eye movement test. Tests saccades.

Question 34

When given NRA and PRA and asked to find the add…

Answer 34

…add them and divide by 2