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CMPS 161-Java programming > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Internet program language?

A

Java

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2
Q

What is the physical aspect of the computer that can be seen?

A

Hardware

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3
Q

What are the invisible instructions that control the hardware and make it work?

A

Software

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4
Q

List the 5 hardware components a computer consists of:

A
  • CPU (Central Processing Unit)
  • Memory (Main memory)
  • Storage Devices (hard disk, floppy disk, CDs)
  • Input/Output devices (monitor, printer, keyboard, mouse)
  • Communication devices (Modem, NIC (Network Interface Card))
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5
Q

What is the brain of a computer?

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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6
Q

What does the Central Processing Unit (CPU) do?

A

It retrieves instructions from memory and executes them.

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7
Q

What are the 2 components the CPU usually has?

A
  • A Control Unit

- Arithmetic/Logic Unit

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8
Q

What does the Control Unit do?

A

It coordinates the actions of the other components.

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9
Q

What does the ALU Unit (Arithmetic/Logic Unit) do?

A

It performs numeric operations (+,-,/,*) and logical operations (comparison).

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10
Q

What is CPU speed measured in?

A

megahertz (MHz)

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11
Q

1 _____ = 1 _____ pulses/second

A

megahertz, million

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12
Q

If you buy a PC now, you can get an Intel Pentium 4 Processor at 3 _____.

A

gigahertz

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13
Q

1 gigahertz = 1000 _____

A

megahertz

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14
Q

1 gigahertz = _____ megahertz

A

1,000

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15
Q

Why do computers use zeros and ones?

A

Because digital devices have two stable states (on/off).

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16
Q

_____ is to store data and program instructions for CPU to execute.

A

Memory

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17
Q

A _____ _____ is an ordered sequence of bytes.

A

memory unit

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18
Q

How many bits are in a byte?

A

8

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19
Q

A _____ is the minimum storage unit.

A

byte

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20
Q

A _____ _____ is never empty, but its initial content may be meaningless to your program.

A

memory byte

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21
Q

Every byte has a unique address. What is this address used for?

A

To locate the byte for storing and retrieving data.

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22
Q

Since _____ can be accessed at any location, the memory is also referred to as _____ (_____).

A

bytes, RAM, (random-access memory)

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23
Q

_____ chips are slower and less expensive than _____ chips.

A

Memory, CPU

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24
Q

Computer storage size is measured in _____, _____bytes, _____bytes, _____bytes, and _____bytes.

A

bytes, kilo, mega, giga, tera

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25
Q

A kilobyte is ___=_____, about 1000 _____.

A

2^10 = 1024, bytes

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26
Q

Programs and data are permanently stored on _____ _____ and are moved to _____ when the computer actually uses them.
–> Why is this done?

A

storage devices, memory.

–> Memory is much faster than storage devices.

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27
Q

List the 4 main types of storage devices:

A
  • Disk drives (hard disks and floppy disks)
  • CD drives (CD-R, CD-RW, and DVD)
  • Tape drives
  • USB flash drives
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28
Q

What are 2 common input devices?

A

keyboard and mouse

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29
Q

What are 2 common output devices?

A

printers and monitors

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30
Q

List 4 commonly used communication devices:

A
  • Dialup modem
  • DSL
  • Cable modem
  • Network Interface Card (NIC)
31
Q

What communication device uses a phone line and can transfer data at a speed up to 56,000 bps (bits per second).

A

Dialup modem

32
Q

What does DSL stand for?

A

digital subscriber line

33
Q

What communication device uses a phone line and can transfer data at a speed 20 times faster than a dialup modem?

A

DSL (digital subscriber line)

34
Q

What communication device uses the TV cable line maintained by the cable company and is as fast as DSL?

A

Cable modem

35
Q

What communication device connects a computer to a local area network (LAN)? This device can transfer data at 10 mbps (million bits per second).

A

Network Interface Card (NIC)

36
Q

What are considered instructions to the computer?

A

Computer programs, known as software.

37
Q

You tell a computer what to do through _____. Without these, a computer is an empty machine.

A

programs

38
Q

What kind of language is used to write programs?

A

Programming languages

39
Q

What language does a computer speak?

A

Machine language

40
Q

Machine languages are _____ for different types of computers.

A

different

41
Q

The instructions are in the form of _____ _____, so you have to enter _____ _____ for various instructions.

A

binary code, binary codes

42
Q

_____ _____ is a low-level language in which a mnemonic is used to represent each of the machine language instructions.

A

Assembly Language

43
Q

_____ _____ were developed to make programming easy.

A

Assembly Languages

44
Q

Can a computer understand Assembly Language?

A

No, a program called assembler is used to convert assembly language programs into machine code.

45
Q

High-level languages are English-like and easy to learn and program. Why were they developed?

A

To overcome the platform-specific problem.
There are over 100 languages, each designed with a specific purpose (such as business applications, mathematical computations, system software, etc).

46
Q

A program written in a high-level language is called a _____ program.

A

source

47
Q

Since a computer cannot understand a source program, a program called a _____ is used to _____ the source program into a machine-language program

A

compiler, translate

48
Q

The machine-language program is often then linked with other supporting _____ _____ to form an executable file.

A

library code

49
Q

_____ was designed to run object programs on any platform.

A

Java

50
Q

The bytecode can then run on any computer with a _____ _____ _____.

A

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

51
Q

Java Virtual Machine is software that does what?

A

interprets Java bytecode

52
Q

What is the most important program that manages and controls a
computer’s activities?

A

The Operating System (OS)

53
Q

What are the 3 major tasks of the OS?

A
  • Controlling & Monitoring system activities
  • Allocating & Assigning system resources
  • Scheduling Operations –> (Multiprogramming, Multithreading, and Multiprocessing)
54
Q

_____ allows multiple programs to run simultaneously by sharing the CPU.
For example, you may use a word processor to edit a file while the Web browser is downloading a file at the same time.

A

Multiprogramming

55
Q

_____ allows concurrency within a program, so that its subunits can run at same time.
For example, editing and saving are two tasks with the same application.

A

Multithreading

56
Q

_____, or _____ _____, uses two or more processors together to perform a task. It is like a surgical operation where several doctors work together on just one patient.

A

Multiprocessing, parallel processing

57
Q

_____ is a general purpose programming language.

It is the Internet programming language.

A

Java

58
Q

Today, Java is used for Web programming, as well as developing _____ _____ across platforms on servers, desktop computers, and mobile devices.

A

standalone applications

59
Q

Why did Java initially become attractive?

A

Because Java programs can be run from a Web browser.

60
Q

Java programs that run from a Web browser are called _____.

A

applets

61
Q

What does API stand for?

A

Application Program Interface

62
Q

_____ contains predefined classes and interfaces for developing Java programs.

A

API (Application Program Interface)

63
Q

What does JDK stand for?

A

Java Development Toolkit

64
Q

_____ consists of a set of separate programs for developing and testing Java programs, each of which is invoked from a _____ _____.

A

JDK, command line

65
Q

What does IDE stand for?

A

Integrated Development Environment

66
Q

There are tools that provide an _____ for rapidly developing Java programs.

A

IDE

67
Q

Editing, compiling, building, debugging, and online help are integrated in one _____.

A

GUI

68
Q

True/False

You can use any text editor or IDE to create/edit a Java source-code.

A

True

69
Q

What is the meaning of Reserved Words?

List 3 examples of Reserved Words:

A

Words that have a specific meaning to the compiler and cannot be used for other purposes in the program.
Examples: public, static, void

70
Q

Java uses certain reserved words called _____ that specify the properties of the data, methods, classes, and how they can be used.

A

modifiers

71
Q

List some examples of modifiers:

A

public, static, private, final, abstract, protected

72
Q

A _____ represents an action or a sequence of actions.

A

statement

73
Q

True/False

Every statement in Java ends with a semicolon (;)

A

True

CMPS 161-Java programming (2 decks)

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