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CMPS 161-Java programming > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Internet program language?

A

Java

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2
Q

What is the physical aspect of the computer that can be seen?

A

Hardware

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3
Q

What are the invisible instructions that control the hardware and make it work?

A

Software

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4
Q

List the 5 hardware components a computer consists of:

A
  • CPU (Central Processing Unit)
  • Memory (Main memory)
  • Storage Devices (hard disk, floppy disk, CDs)
  • Input/Output devices (monitor, printer, keyboard, mouse)
  • Communication devices (Modem, NIC (Network Interface Card))
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5
Q

What is the brain of a computer?

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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6
Q

What does the Central Processing Unit (CPU) do?

A

It retrieves instructions from memory and executes them.

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7
Q

What are the 2 components the CPU usually has?

A
  • A Control Unit

- Arithmetic/Logic Unit

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8
Q

What does the Control Unit do?

A

It coordinates the actions of the other components.

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9
Q

What does the ALU Unit (Arithmetic/Logic Unit) do?

A

It performs numeric operations (+,-,/,*) and logical operations (comparison).

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10
Q

What is CPU speed measured in?

A

megahertz (MHz)

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11
Q

1 _____ = 1 _____ pulses/second

A

megahertz, million

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12
Q

If you buy a PC now, you can get an Intel Pentium 4 Processor at 3 _____.

A

gigahertz

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13
Q

1 gigahertz = 1000 _____

A

megahertz

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14
Q

1 gigahertz = _____ megahertz

A

1,000

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15
Q

Why do computers use zeros and ones?

A

Because digital devices have two stable states (on/off).

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16
Q

_____ is to store data and program instructions for CPU to execute.

A

Memory

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17
Q

A _____ _____ is an ordered sequence of bytes.

A

memory unit

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18
Q

How many bits are in a byte?

A

8

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19
Q

A _____ is the minimum storage unit.

A

byte

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20
Q

A _____ _____ is never empty, but its initial content may be meaningless to your program.

A

memory byte

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21
Q

Every byte has a unique address. What is this address used for?

A

To locate the byte for storing and retrieving data.

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22
Q

Since _____ can be accessed at any location, the memory is also referred to as _____ (_____).

A

bytes, RAM, (random-access memory)

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23
Q

_____ chips are slower and less expensive than _____ chips.

A

Memory, CPU

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24
Q

Computer storage size is measured in _____, _____bytes, _____bytes, _____bytes, and _____bytes.

A

bytes, kilo, mega, giga, tera

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25
A kilobyte is ___=_____, about 1000 _____.
2^10 = 1024, bytes
26
Programs and data are permanently stored on _____ _____ and are moved to _____ when the computer actually uses them. --> Why is this done?
storage devices, memory. | --> Memory is much faster than storage devices.
27
List the 4 main types of storage devices:
- Disk drives (hard disks and floppy disks) - CD drives (CD-R, CD-RW, and DVD) - Tape drives - USB flash drives
28
What are 2 common input devices?
keyboard and mouse
29
What are 2 common output devices?
printers and monitors
30
List 4 commonly used communication devices:
- Dialup modem - DSL - Cable modem - Network Interface Card (NIC)
31
What communication device uses a phone line and can transfer data at a speed up to 56,000 bps (bits per second).
Dialup modem
32
What does DSL stand for?
digital subscriber line
33
What communication device uses a phone line and can transfer data at a speed 20 times faster than a dialup modem?
DSL (digital subscriber line)
34
What communication device uses the TV cable line maintained by the cable company and is as fast as DSL?
Cable modem
35
What communication device connects a computer to a local area network (LAN)? This device can transfer data at 10 mbps (million bits per second).
Network Interface Card (NIC)
36
What are considered instructions to the computer?
Computer programs, known as software.
37
You tell a computer what to do through _____. Without these, a computer is an empty machine.
programs
38
What kind of language is used to write programs?
Programming languages
39
What language does a computer speak?
Machine language
40
Machine languages are _____ for different types of computers.
different
41
The instructions are in the form of _____ _____, so you have to enter _____ _____ for various instructions.
binary code, binary codes
42
_____ _____ is a low-level language in which a mnemonic is used to represent each of the machine language instructions.
Assembly Language
43
_____ _____ were developed to make programming easy.
Assembly Languages
44
Can a computer understand Assembly Language?
No, a program called assembler is used to convert assembly language programs into machine code.
45
High-level languages are English-like and easy to learn and program. Why were they developed?
To overcome the platform-specific problem. There are over 100 languages, each designed with a specific purpose (such as business applications, mathematical computations, system software, etc).
46
A program written in a high-level language is called a _____ program.
source
47
Since a computer cannot understand a source program, a program called a _____ is used to _____ the source program into a machine-language program
compiler, translate
48
The machine-language program is often then linked with other supporting _____ _____ to form an executable file.
library code
49
_____ was designed to run object programs on any platform.
Java
50
The bytecode can then run on any computer with a _____ _____ _____.
Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
51
Java Virtual Machine is software that does what?
interprets Java bytecode
52
What is the most important program that manages and controls a computer’s activities?
The Operating System (OS)
53
What are the 3 major tasks of the OS?
- Controlling & Monitoring system activities - Allocating & Assigning system resources - Scheduling Operations --> (Multiprogramming, Multithreading, and Multiprocessing)
54
_____ allows multiple programs to run simultaneously by sharing the CPU. For example, you may use a word processor to edit a file while the Web browser is downloading a file at the same time.
Multiprogramming
55
_____ allows concurrency within a program, so that its subunits can run at same time. For example, editing and saving are two tasks with the same application.
Multithreading
56
_____, or _____ _____, uses two or more processors together to perform a task. It is like a surgical operation where several doctors work together on just one patient.
Multiprocessing, parallel processing
57
_____ is a general purpose programming language. | It is the Internet programming language.
Java
58
Today, Java is used for Web programming, as well as developing _____ _____ across platforms on servers, desktop computers, and mobile devices.
standalone applications
59
Why did Java initially become attractive?
Because Java programs can be run from a Web browser.
60
Java programs that run from a Web browser are called _____.
applets
61
What does API stand for?
Application Program Interface
62
_____ contains predefined classes and interfaces for developing Java programs.
API (Application Program Interface)
63
What does JDK stand for?
Java Development Toolkit
64
_____ consists of a set of separate programs for developing and testing Java programs, each of which is invoked from a _____ _____.
JDK, command line
65
What does IDE stand for?
Integrated Development Environment
66
There are tools that provide an _____ for rapidly developing Java programs.
IDE
67
Editing, compiling, building, debugging, and online help are integrated in one _____.
GUI
68
True/False | You can use any text editor or IDE to create/edit a Java source-code.
True
69
What is the meaning of Reserved Words? | List 3 examples of Reserved Words:
Words that have a specific meaning to the compiler and cannot be used for other purposes in the program. Examples: public, static, void
70
Java uses certain reserved words called _____ that specify the properties of the data, methods, classes, and how they can be used.
modifiers
71
List some examples of modifiers:
public, static, private, final, abstract, protected
72
A _____ represents an action or a sequence of actions.
statement
73
True/False | Every statement in Java ends with a semicolon (;)
True

CMPS 161-Java programming (2 decks)

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