Chapter 1 Flashcards
Neanderthals
1st humans
Paleothic Age
Period where humans used simple stone tools
Neolithic Revolution
“New stone age”
Shift from gathering plants and hunting animals to producing food by systematic agriculture
Summerians
Creators of Mesopotamian civilization
Adopted aspects of preexisting settlements
Established a number of independent cities
Ex. Ur
Ziggurat
Massive step tower
Gods/goddesses
Sargon
Leader of Akkadians
He overran Sumerian city states
Used former rulers of conquered city states as governors
Established dynastic empire
Code of hammurabi
282 laws
A society with strict justice
Penalties for criminal offense were severe
Varied according to social class
“A eye for a eye, a tooth for a tooth”
Cuniform
System of writing used by Sumerians
Used a res stylus wedge shapes impressions on clay tablet then baked and sundried
Polytheism
Believing in or worshiping MORE than one god
Hieroglyphics
Priest carvings or sacred writings
Hitties
Indoeuropeans and native people
Hebrews
Semitic speaking people of iseral
Monotheism
Belief that there is only ONE god (judaism)
Phoenicians
Semitic speaking people
Resided along the Mediterranean coast
Assyrians
Semitic speaking
Conquered meso
Built large empire
Chaldeans
Semitic speaking
2nd Babylonian empire
Destroyed city of Nevada
King Neb
Nebuchadnezzar
Achieved the final defeat of the assryian empire
Hanging gardens
Built to satisfy nebs wife
Suppose to look like hills of persia
Persians
Indo europeans
Relates to medes
Cyrus defeated Chaldean
Conquered lidien empire
Cyrus the great
Leader of persians
Against the medes
Zoroastrianism
Persians religion
Founded by Zoroaster
Worship of supreme god Ahuramazda (represents the good against the evil spirt Ahriman)
Zend Avesta
Sacred book of zoroastrianism
Ahramazda
Only god
