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A&P Test 1 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Studies the structure of the body parts and relation to one another

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2
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

Study of large body parts visible to the naked eye

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3
Q

Surface anatomy

A

Study of internal structures as they relate to the overlaying the skin surface. (Bulging muscles on body)

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4
Q

Microscopic

A

Structures too small to be seen with the naked eye

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5
Q

Cystology

A

Study of cells in the body

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6
Q

Histology

A

Study of tissue

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7
Q

Physiology

A

How the body works and carry our daily activities

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8
Q

Principal of Complementary

A

Ex:

  1. Bones support the organs
  2. Blood flows through the heart and it prevent back flow
  3. muscles can contract bc of contractile units
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9
Q

Organ Systems

A 
1. Integumentary
2 Skeletal
3 Muscular 
4 Nervous 
5 Endocrine
6 Cardiovascular 
7 lymphatic system 
8 Respiratory 
9 Digestive 
10 Urinary
11 Reproductive
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10
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin, protection, temp control

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11
Q

Skeletal System

A

Protection of organs
Frame work
Produces red blood cells

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12
Q

Muscular System

A

Movement

Thermal regulation

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13
Q

Nervous System

A

Fast Acting control system

Send signals through the nerves

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14
Q

Endocrine System

A

Slow acting control system
Uses hormones
Reproductive system

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15
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Circulatory system

Transport blood and oxygen

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16
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Immune System

Sends white blood cells to fight infection

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17
Q

Respiratory System

A

Keeps blood supplied with oxygen

Sends carbon dioxide out

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18
Q

Digestive System

A

Breaks down food

Distribution to body cells

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19
Q

Urinary System

A

Ph balance

Regulates water

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20
Q

Reproductive System

A

Overall function is to produce offspring

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21
Q

Maintaining Boundaries

A

Separate outside world from the inner body

22
Q

Movement

A

Locomotion

23
Q

Responsiveness

A

Senses change in the environment and respond to them.

24
Q

All 3 metabolize nutrients

A

Digestion
Metabolism
Excretion

25
Q

General Life Functions

A
  • maintain boundaries
  • movement
  • responsiveness
  • digestion
  • metabolism
  • excretion
  • reproduction
  • growth
  • living things are made of 1 or more cells
26
Q

Homeostasis

A

Able to maintain a stable internal condition even though the outside world changes

27
Q

Negative Feedback

A

Brings things back to normal levels

Ex: thermostat and AC

28
Q

Positive Feedback

A

Keeps going

29
Q

Body Divisions

A

Axis- head

Appendicular- limbs

30
Q

Serous Membrane

A

Visceral serosa - sits on organ

Parietal serosa - lines cavity

31
Q

Elements in Living Organisms

A 
Carbon (c)
Oxygen (o)
Hydrogen (h) 
Nitrogen (n)
Phosphorous (p)
32
Q

Atomic Structure

A

Clusters of small particles called Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons.

33
Q

Protons

A

Located in nucleus

Positive charge

34
Q

Neutrons

A

Located in nucleus

No electrical charge

35
Q

Electrons

A

Orbit around the nucleus

36
Q

Isotopes

A

Are atoms that have a different number of electrons than protons.

37
Q

Molecule

A

Two or more atoms bound together

38
Q

Compound

A

Two or more DIFFERENT kinds of atoms are bound together

39
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Bond between a transfer of one or more electrons from one to another

40
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Sharing electrons

Which orbits both atoms

41
Q

Polar

A

Unequal electron sharing

Like water

42
Q

Non- Polar

A

Molecules are electrically balanced

Do not dissolve in water

43
Q

Hydrogen Bonds

A

Attractions

Form when a hydrogen atoms attracted to another electron-hungry atom, so that a bridge forms between them.

44
Q

Water

A
  • high heat capacity
  • high heat vaporization - sweating
  • universal solvents
  • reactivity - helps digest food
  • cushioning - cushion around certain body organs
45
Q

Inorganic Compounds

A

Water
Salts
Acids/bases

46
Q

Ph Scale

A 
-1 = Acidic 
14 = alkaline (basic)
47
Q

Organic Compounds

A
  • proteins
  • carbohydrates
  • lipids
  • nucleic acids
48
Q

Carbohydrates

Elements
Monomer
Function
Ex

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Monosaccharides

Short term energy

Bread, sugars

49
Q

Lipids

Elements
Monomer
Function
Ex

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Fatty acid

Long term energy storage, temp regulation

Fats / oils

Do not dissolve in water

50
Q

Proteins

Elements
Monomer
Function
Ex

A

Carbon , oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

Amino acid

Structure, carrying oxygen, regulatory

Enzyme - breaking down

51
Q

Nucleus Acid

Elements
Monomer
Function
Ex

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

Ex: ATP

ENERGY!!!!!!

A&P Test 1 (1 decks)

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