Chapter 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Chordates have a fluid-filled internal body cavity termed a ———-

A

coelom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Among these coelomate animals, 2 apparently distinct and independent evolutionary lines are present. what are these two lines and how do they differ?

A
  1. Protosomes:a multicellular organism whose mouth develops from a primary embryonic opening this includes mollusks, annelids and arthropods.
  2. Deuterostomes: includes echinoderms, hemichordates and chordates and this means the mouth forms opposite to the blastopore.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

2 of the 3 chordate sub-phyla are technically ————

A

invertebrates (cephalochordata and urochordata)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 3 subtaxas in chordates?

A
  1. cephalachordata
  2. urochordata
  3. vertebrata
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Most vertebrates have an endoskeleton which is defined as….

A

a system of rigid internal elements of bone or cartilage beneath the skin. It helps in locomotion, support and protection of delicate organs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

are any cephalochordates or urochordates terrestrial?

A

NO, all marine!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do most cephalochordates and urochordates eat?

A

usually suspension feeders, using a sticky sheet of mucus to collect food from streams of water passing over a filtering apparatus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the 5 characteristis that help diagnose chordates?

A
  1. Notochord
  2. Endostyle or thyroid gland
  3. Postanal tail
  4. Dorsal and tubular nerve cord
  5. Pharyngeal slits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the pharynx is part of what?

A

the digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The pharyngeal slits allowed what for the flow of water?

A

they allowed the one way flow of a water current: in at the mouth and out through the pharyngeal slits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

when the pharyngeal slits became associated with gills, they not only aided with food but what?

A

the passing stream of water also participated in respiratory exchange with the blood circulating in the capillary beds of these gills.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The current of water can thus simultaneously support ——- and ——— activities

A

feeding and respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In primitive chordates, the pharynx itself is often expanded into what?

A

a pharyngeal or branchial basket. This can increase the surface area exposed to the passing current of water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Suspension feedrs use a combination of what two things to effectively gather food?

A

cilia and mucus. The cilia gather the food-laden mucus and pass it into the esophagus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Notochord:

A

is a slender rod that lies dorsal to the coelom but beneath and parallel with the central nervous system. It prevents longitudinal collapse of the body during locomotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thyroid and endostyle is involved in what?

A

iodine metabolism

17
Q

the —— is the predescessor to the ———

A

endostyle/ thyroid

18
Q

Dorsal and tubular nerve cord:

A

the nerve cord in chordates lies above the gut and is hollow along its entire length.

19
Q

the major nerve cord in most invertebrates is where?

A

ventral in position, below the gut and solid

20
Q

a postanal tail provides what for a chordate?

A

an increased surface area important for thrust and maneuverability in an aquatic environment

21
Q

chordates have what kind of symmetry?

A

bilateral