Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

z - Cosc 211 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Much of computer architecture involves the substitution of _______ for _______

A

Much of computer architecture involves the substitution of numeric codes for symbols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The manipulation of the symbols that represent numeric codes is facilitated by what?

A

A macro processor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is m4?

A

The UNIX macro processor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define “accumulator”

A

An accumulator is a register used to contain the results of an arithmetical or logical operation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define “register”

A

A location in a store of data, used for a specific purpose and with quick access time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a stack?

A

A stack is a first-in-last-out data structure in which only the top stack elements are accessible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is it called when we remove something from a stack?

A

popping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is it called when we place items onto a stack?

A

pushing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the ALU?

A

The arithmetic logic unit. The unit in a computer that carries out arithmetical and/or logical operations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stacks and registers are two forms of what?

A

Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is a stack convenient for expression evaluation?

A

Because memory addresses are not needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why would one use a register instead of the stack?

A

Registers are useful when values enter into the computation in a less structured manner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

In a computer, what is an “address”?

A

A location in memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What executes the machine language?

A

The central processing unit (CPU)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the program counter do?

A

It keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is assembly language?

A

Symbols representing numeric values

17
Q

What is m4 used for?

A

A program that can be used to translate symbols into numeric constants

18
Q

Define “macro”.

A

Symbol, name, or key that represents a list of commands, actions, or keystrokes. Many programs allow you to create macros so that you can enter a single character or word to perform a whole series of actions.

19
Q

How many arguments can a macro take?

A

A macro can have up to nine arguments

20
Q

When using a macro, what indicates the presence of arguments?

A

When the macro name is immediately followed by an open parentheses “(“

21
Q

If there are arguments present with a macro, how does the processor handle them?

A

The arguments are evaluated; if they are in quotes, the quotes are stripped and the arguments are NOT evaluated; any $n subs are made. The macro is fully expanded and pushed back to output stream.

22
Q

What is a location counter?

A

It is a symbol representing the memory address of the instruction being assembled.

23
Q

What is “eval”?

A

It’s a built in macro that takes in a string argument to represent an arithmetic expression. It then evaluates the expression and returns its value in the form of a numerical string.

24
Q

What is machine language?

A

Numeric values that represent the operations of a machine and the locations of operands

25
Q

What is a macro processor?

A

Identifies macro tokens and arguments in its input stream, and substitutes the macro definitions in their place to be rescanned

26
Q

Define “define” in m4

A

A built in macro that defines its first argument to be a macro token to be replaced on evaluation by its second argument

27
Q

What is an accumulator machine?

A

It combines an operand from memory with the contents of a single register (the accumulator) and stores the result of the operation in the accumulator. The contents of the accumulator can be loaded from and stored into memory.

28
Q

What is a label?

A

A symbol whose value is the address where the instruction or data it references will be located in memory

29
Q

What is a symbol table?

A

A table of symbol-value pairs that is created by the macro processor on the first pass and utilised on the second pass

30
Q

What is MAR?

A

Memory access register

31
Q

What is MDR?

A

Memory data register

32
Q

What are the four registers?

A

%g for global
%o for output
%l for local
%i for input

33
Q

Which register is the throwaway register?

A

%g0

34
Q

Which register does trap get its service request instruction from?

A

%g1

35
Q

Which registers does .div work with?

A

It takes what’s in %o0, divides %o1 into it, and stores the result in %o0

z - Cosc 211 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions