Chapter 1 Flashcards
What theory did Erik Erikson develop?
Stages of Psychosocial Development
Kids can go either way in each stage, either positive advancements or digression
Define Moratorium
Identity crisis, suspension of choices because of struggle
Identity foreclosure
Accepting parents choices for your life without considering other options
Identity diffusion (James Marcia)
Confusion about who one is and what one wants to become
Self-esteem
Value each of us places on our abilities and behaviors
What are the three general principles of development?
- People develop at different rates
- development is orderly
- development is gradual
Who is Jean Piaget? What did he believe in education?
Swiss Psychologist
Believed in constructivism and disequilibrium to learn
People adapt and organize to reach meaning and learn
According to Piaget how do children learn best?
From each other
From concrete learning experiences and problem solving
Who is Vygotsky? What did he believe in education?
Russian Psychologist
Children learn best with collaboration from experienced adults or more capable peers
Private speech is important to learning
According to Vigotsky what is the best way to learn?
Scaffolding (guided learning)
More support when the task is new less as the student begins to grow so autonomy is reached
Internalization (self talk)
What is constructivism?
The idea that we all actively attempt to interpret our world based on our existing skills, knowledge and developmental levels
