Chapter 1 Flashcards
Who came up with the first manual sign language?
Charles Michael de l’Epee
_ and _ travel from France to Hartford Connecticut to establish the first American deaf school in 1817
Gallaudet and Clerc
What is the difference between rehabilitation and habilitation?
Rehabilitation is to restore something that has been lost - rehabilitate - whereas habilitation is to habilitate something that wasn’t there in the first place
Who was the father of audiology and when did it start?
Raymond Carhart came up with audiology for military men after world war 2
What is the most common sensory impairment in humans?
Deafness
What is an auditory disorder that is outside of the genes?
Exogenous
What is an auditory disorder that is inside of the genes?
Endogenous
What are three general ways deafness can occur?
Congenitally, hereditarily, or can be aquired
1/2 of all auditory disorders are due to:
Hereditary factors
If one parent exhibits the inherited trait and the child has a 50% chance of getting it, this is called:
Dominant inheritance
When a child inherits two abnormal genes from two parents, this is called:
Recessive inheritance
Defective traits located on the X chromosome causing deafness is called:
X-lining inheritance
Which inheritance is most common/least common?
Recessive 70-80%
Dominant 15-20%
X-linked or mitochondrial 2-3%
The most common genetic form of congenital hearing loss due to this gene is called:
Connexin 26
A majority of cases of hearing loss are:
Nonsyndromic
What is gene mapping?
Identifying the location of a gene
What is localization?
Isolating the defective gene
Audiograms measure what kinds of thresholds?
Pure tone and bond conduction thresholds
Audiograms measure type of hearing loss. What are the types?
Conductive - outer & middle ear
Sensorineural - inner ear
Mixed - combo of conductive and sensorineural
Diseases during pregnancy, heredity, childhood disease, viral infections, prolonged high fevers, physical damage to the head or ear, and exposure to excessive/intense noise are all potential causes of:
Sensorineural hearing loss
Infections in the middle ear, ruptured ear drum, interference, deformity in the ear structures, damage caused by a foreign object, missing or occluded ear canal, and allergies are all potential causes of:
Conductive hearing loss
Audiograms also measure degree of hearing loss. What are these degrees?
Normal Mild loss Moderate loss Moderately severe Severe Profound
