Chapter 1 Flashcards
anything that occupied space and has a weight
matter
In what state is matter found?
solid, liquid, gas
A substance which cannot be reduced to a simpler substance by a chemical means?
element
A substance consisting of two or more elements
compound
Difference between a compound and mixture
compound = chemical combination of elements that cannot be separated by physical means; mixture = physical combination or elements or compounds taht are not combined
Chemical combination of two or more atoms
molecule
Subatomic particles and their charges?
electrons (-), protons (+), neutrons (0)
energy in motion
kinetic energy
How is invisible light changed to visible light in a fluorescent light
Invisible light protons (ultraviolet) bombard the phosphor atom in the light tube. The phosphor atoms emit visible light protons
What determines the valence of an atom?
The number of electrons in the outer shell
What do you call an atom with more or less than its normal number of electrons?
Ion
What determines whether a substance is a conductor or an insulator?
number of valence electrons
How is a negative charge created in a neutral body
Through accumulation of electrons
How are static charges created?
by friction
What is the electrical charge of an atom which contains 8 protons and 11 electrons
-3
What is the relationship between charged bodies?
like charges repel and unlike charges attract with a force directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them (kq1q2/d^2)
What is an electrostatic field?
Space between and around charged bodies
What direction are electrostatic lines of forces drawn?
positive to negative
What are some examples of electrical equipment which use magnetism?
motors, generators, speakers, computers, televisions, tape recorders and many others
What do you cal materials that are attracted by magnets and have the ability to become magnetized?
magnetic materials
What characteristics do all ferromagnetic materials have in common?
They are easy to magnetize
What type of magnetic materials should be used to make a temporary magnet?
materials that exhibit low reluctance and high permeability, such as iron or soft steel
What do you call the ability of a material to retain magnetism?
retentivity
How does the law of magnetic poles relate to the law of electric charges?
They are very similar. Like charges repel, inlike charges attract. Like poles repel, unlike poles attract
A compass is located at the geographic North pole. In which direction would its needle point?
To the magnetic north pole
