Chapter 1

Question 1

In the Columbian Exchange, the Old World and the New World exchanged ________.

Answer 1

animal, plant, and microbial life forms

Question 2

The most significant factor that allowed large numbers of nomadic hunters to enter the heart of North America was ________

Answer 2

the search for new food supplies

Question 3

The agricultural practices of pre-Columbian tribes in the Northeast were characterized by:

Answer 3

a rapid exploitation of the land.

Question 4

Cahokia was a large trading center located near what present-day city?

Answer 4

St. Louis

Question 5

Distinct regional cultures developed among the peoples of North America between 10,000 and 2,500 years ago. Over centuries distinct groups developed their own:

Answer 5

languages, social organizations, religious beliefs and practices, governments
E) All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following groups lived in what is now known as the Four Corners region of the United States?

Answer 6

Anasazi

Question 7

The eastern third of what is now the United States was inhabited by the:

Answer 7

woodland Indians.

Question 8

The Aztecs were the first group to build cities in the “new world.”

Answer 8

False

Question 9

The single greatest factor that caused the destruction of Native Americans after contact with Europeans was ________.

Answer 9

disease

Question 10

Mounds built by the Adena and Hopewell cultures of the Ohio and Mississippi valleys, were built as sacrificial platforms for their religious ceremonies.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Most modern archeologists would agree that the earliest inhabitants of the Western Hemisphere came from which of the following areas of the world?

Answer 11

Asia

Question 12

In the Great Plains region, most pre-Columbian societies:

Answer 12

hunted buffalo for survival.

Question 13

The first truly complex society in the Americas was that of the:

Answer 13

Olmec.

Question 14

The Mississippian people were from the:

Answer 14

Eastern Woodlands.

Question 15

The early Native peoples who inhabited most of present-day Canada and Alaska, survived mostly by hunting and fishing.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

The distinctive feature of Iroquois and Huron architecture was not the temple mound, but the:

Answer 16

longhouse.

Question 17

About 15,000 years ago B.P., which land bridge was used by migrants to cross between Siberia and Alaska?

Answer 17

Bering Strait

Question 18

Recently, scholars have begun to find evidence of incredible manipulations of landscapes and environments in the least likely of places.

Answer 18

the Amazon rainforest.

Question 19

The Columbian Exchange was _____.

Answer 19

the ecological transformation which resulted from European contact with the Americas

Question 20

Which of the following, built around 1300, contained more than 2,000 rooms and had a water and sewage removal system?

Answer 20

Paquime

Question 21

Today it is generally believed that there were fewer Native Americans when the Europeans arrived than there were a century later.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

In an effort to ensure that his American colonies contributed to England’s prosperity, King Charles II initiated a series of regulations known as the:

Answer 22

Navigation Acts.

Question 23

Which of the following most characterized the Virginia colony in its first two decades?

Answer 23

high death rate

Question 24

The English Reformation began with a political dispute between king and pope not with a religious dispute over matters of theology.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

The first European power to explore North America’s interior were the:

Answer 25

Spanish.

Question 26

What created the conditions of unrest in the Chesapeake that led to local rebellions?

Answer 26

diminishing economic opportunity

Question 27

Portuguese exploration of the late fifteenth century concentrated on finding a route to the Orient by sailing around Africa.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

The horse, oranges, and bananas were three New World products introduced to Europe.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

The early Spanish settlers were successful at establishing plantations, but not at finding gold or silver.

Answer 29

False

Question 30

After 1680, Chesapeake planters began to rely more heavily on African slave labor than on indentured white servants for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that:

Answer 30

whites were developing a more egalitarian society.

Question 31

Which of the following is the best description of a “headright”?

Answer 31

the right of a free settler or sponsor of immigrants to receive 50 acres per person or head

Question 32

The English mainland colonies of North America received most of their slaves directly from:

Answer 32

Africa

Question 33

All the following factors explain why Spain conquered the Americas so rapidly, EXCEPT:

Answer 33

the persistent Indian belief that the Spanish were “gods.”

Question 34

The first English attempt to colonize the New World failed. This attempt was led by:

Answer 34

Gilbert.

Question 35

Which Spanish explorer led the first official expedition to the North American mainland?

Answer 35

Ponce de León

Question 36

What was the precedent set by the English colonization of Ireland?

Answer 36

that an inferior race could justifiably be brutally repressed

Question 37

The Portuguese contributions to the European impact on the Americas included all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 37

the routes for trade opened by Dias and da Gama.

Question 38

Columbus succeeded in reaching the Americas because:

Answer 38

he grossly underestimated the distance from Europe to the Indies.

Question 39

Columbus mistakenly labeled the Taino people “Indians,” believing that:

Answer 39

he had reached the East Indies.

Question 40

What momentous event, which occurred throughout Europe, distracted England from pursuing empire in the 1500s?

Answer 40

the Reformation

Question 41

The economic and social system of the Spanish empire rested on all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 41

spices.

Question 42

Changes in European society that galvanized the expansion of European peoples and cultures after 1450 included all the following EXCEPT:

Answer 42

a deflationary spiral that dried up sources of capital.

Question 43

Which of the following was NOT one of the ways that the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay differed from the Pilgrims of Plymouth?

Answer 43

The Puritans were simpler, less educated folk.

Question 44

Which of the following was NOT included in Penn’s vision for his colony?

Answer 44

displacing the savage Indians

Question 45

The Puritan belief that God was in control of history fueled a zeal to improve society. This belief is known as:

Answer 45

predestination.

Question 46

y 1700, the North American colonies:

Answer 46

were becoming permanent, firmly-rooted societies.

Question 47

When the English took New Amsterdam, they were able to quickly rid the colony of Dutch influences.

Answer 47

False

Question 48

In the early 1600s, migrants to New England differed from those who went to the Chesapeake in that:

Answer 48

. New Englanders immigrated in family groups.

Question 49

In the early decades of New England settlement, new colonies in adjacent areas were often founded because of:

Answer 49

religious differences.

Question 50

Roger Williams insisted that the land on which Massachusetts was settled belonged to the Indians, not to the king.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

The description of Massachusetts Bay Colony using the biblical metaphor of a “city upon a hill” relates to the Puritan founders’ idea that the colony should:

Answer 51

serve as an example to the world.

Question 52

What was Anne Hutchinson’s heresy?

Answer 52

She embraced controversial positions on doctrine and shared these ideas with others.

Question 53

This chapter tells the story of the French activities in North America to make the point that:

Answer 53

while the French provide a model for exploitative commercial penetration of North America, the English in New England demonstrate that religion could be an equally powerful motivator.

Question 54

Although the inhabitants of the mid-Atlantic colonies enjoyed more secure lives than did most southern colonials, they lacked the common bonds that lent stability to early New England.

Answer 54

True

Question 55

William Penn and the Quakers differed from the Puritans of New England in their belief that:

Answer 55

the state should guarantee all inhabitants freedom of worship