Chapter 1 Flashcards
What particle within an atom is positive and where is it found?
The proton - found in the nucleus
What particle within an atom is negative and where is it found?
The electron - found orbiting around the nucleus
Where are neutrons found and are they charged?
In the nucleus and they have no charge - they just add mass!
What does the atomic number of an element tell you?
The number of protons
It also tells you the number of electrons as these must equal the protons so that the overall charge of the element is neutral
What does the relative atomic mass equal to?
The number of protons and the number of neutrons
remember electrons weigh barely anything!
What are the rows of periodic tables called?
Periods
What are the columns of the periodic table called?
Groups
What are the elements in the middle of the periodic table called - without a group?
The transition elements
Who developed the first useful periodic table?
Dimitri Mendeleev
What did Mendeleev notice about elements when he arranged them in order of their relative atomic mass?
That there were recurring patterns with elements with similar properties
How do we now arrange the periodic table in the modern day?
Atomic number - not relative atomic mass
List 5 different properties of metals
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Malleable (can bend)
Ductile ( can be stretched into wires)
Hard, dense and shiny
High melting and boiling points
What is a compound?
Two or more elements that have bonded together
If there are 3 atoms present before a reaction has taken place, how many atoms must there be after?
3
The total number of atoms must stay the same before and after a reaction - atoms rearrange, you cannot create or destroy them!
e.g 2H2 + O2 –> 2H2O
there are 4 atoms of hydrogen and 2 of oxygen before the reaction…. and after there are 4 of hydrogen and 2 of oxygen! Just in a different format!
When do ionic bonds form?
When a metal reacts with a non metal
