Chapter 1-5 (Revision) Flashcards
(26 cards)
Time Dilation
The phenomena that the time of fast moving objects looks slower for the rest person.
Lorentz Contraction
The phenomena that the space looks shrinking for the fast moving object
Heinsberg’s Uncertainty Principle
This states momentum and position, or energy and time cannot be measured precisely, simultaneously.
Pauli’s Exclusion Principle
States that 2 same fermions cannot occupy the same state.
Fermions: A particle that follows Fermi-Diracstatistics. These particles obey the Pauli’s Exclusion Principle.
Nuclear Fission
A nuclear reaction in which a heavy nuclear splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy.
Match the sentences which corresponds to its function in a nuclear fission reactor.
“This absorbs neutrons and controls the speed of nuclear fission, or stops it in an emergency.”
(a) Nuclear fuel (b) Generator (c) Coolant
(d) Moderator (e) Control rod
(e) Control rod
Match the sentences which corresponds to its function in a nuclear fission reactor.
“This is made by an element which causes nuclear fission.”
(a) Nuclear fuel (b) Generator (c) Coolant
(d) Moderator (e) Control rod
(a)Nuclear fuel
Match the sentences which corresponds to its function in a nuclear fission reactor.
“This transfers the heat from the core to the outside to generate electricity.”
(a) Nuclear fuel (b) Generator (c) Coolant
(d) Moderator (e) Control rod
(c) Coolant
Match the sentences which corresponds to its function in a nuclear fission reactor.
“This slows down neutrons so that nuclear fission can continue in the core.”
(a) Nuclear fuel (b) Generator (c) Coolant
(d) Moderator (e) Control rod
(d) Moderator
Match the sentences which corresponds to its function in a nuclear fission reactor.
“This generates electricity by the steam made by the heat transferred from the core.”
(a) Nuclear fuel (b) Generator (c) Coolant
(d) Moderator (e) Control rod
(b) Generator
Name 3 Hadrons
Proton, neutron, pion.
Name 3 leptons
Electron, electron neutrino
Muon, muon neutrino
Tauon, tau neutrino
Name 3 gauge bosons.
Photon
Weak boson (W-boson, Z-boson)
Gluon
Special Relativity
The laws of physics are the same in all inertial frames, and the speed of light is the same for all observers
General Relativity
Theory of space and time. Central idea is that general relativity is that space and time are two aspects of spacetime.
Spacetime is curved when there is gravity, matter, energy and momentum.
- Amplitude of waves
- Wavelength
- The maximum amount of displacement of a particle on the medium from its rest position.
- The distance from crest to crest, or trough to trough.
Phase in waves.
Concept of wave like the phase of the moon. (Full, Gibbous, Crescent, New).
Principle of superposition
They can simply be added. They are waves whenever two(or more) waves travelling through the same medium at the same time.
Wave interference
A phenomenon inside which two waves super pose to form a resultant wave of greater, lower or the same amplitude.
Diffraction of waves.
The spreading of waves around obstacles. Diffraction takes place with the sound; with the electromagnetic faction, such as light, X-rays and gamma rays.
With small moving particles such as atoms, neutrons and electrons.
Schrodinger’s equation
Describes the form of the probability waves that govern the motion of small particles, and it specifies how these waves are altered by external influences.
Order from small to large.
(a) Length of an E-Coli
(b) Planck Length
(c) Diameter of an electron cloud of a hydrogen atom
(d) Diameter of a nucleon
(e) Diameter of a carbon nucleus
b, d, e, c, a,
Choose one not a unit of energy.
Joule, Entropy, Electronvolt, Calorie
Entropy
Copenhagen interpretation
A quantum particle doesn’t exist in one state or another, but in all of its possible states at once.
This explains by a quantum particle behaves erratically.
