Chapter 1-5

Question 1

Dehydration Synthesis

Answer 1

water is taken out of a monomer,to form a larger molecule

Question 2

Hydrophobic

Answer 2

avoids water

Question 3

Hydrophilic

Answer 3

attracted to water

Question 4

Polar

Answer 4

molecules can form bonds with each other

Question 5

Nonpolar

Answer 5

molecules can’t form bonds with each other

Question 6

Saturated Fats

Answer 6

lipids that have maximum hydrogen atoms and no double bonds

Question 7

Unsaturated Fats

Answer 7

lipids that have one or more double bonds

Question 8

Phospholipids

Answer 8

lipids with polar and nonpolar sides

Question 9

Amino Acids in Proteins

Answer 9

causes sickle cell disease

Question 10

Enzymes

Answer 10

proteins that speed up chemical reactions

Question 11

Primary Structure

Answer 11

sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide

Question 12

Secondary Structure

Answer 12

shaping of polypeptide

Question 13

Tertiary Structure

Answer 13

three dimensional shape of polypeptide

Question 14

Quaternary Structure

Answer 14

overall protein structure of two or more polypeptide units

Question 15

DNA

Answer 15

nucleic acid that stores information (T,C,G,A)

Question 16

RNA

Answer 16

nucleic acid that transports information (U,C,G,A)

Question 17

Characteristics of Living Things

Answer 17

order, regulation, evolutionary adaptation, energy processing, response to environment, reproduction, and growth and development

Question 18

Main Source of Energy for All Life

Answer 18

sunlight

Question 19

Levels of Organization

Answer 19

biosphere -> ecosystems -> communities -> populations -> organisms -> organ systems -> organs -> tissues -> cells -> organelles -> atoms -> molecules

Question 20

Positive Feedback

Answer 20

enzymes stimulate a step to regulate process

Question 21

Negative Feedback

Answer 21

enzymes block a step to regulate process

Question 22

Ionic Bonds

Answer 22

attraction between anions and cations

Question 23

Covalent Bonds

Answer 23

bond forms when atoms share electrons

Question 24

Surface Tension

Answer 24

how hard it is to break the surface of a liquid

Question 25

Water's Specific Heat

Answer 25

heat that must be absorbed to heat 1g of water by 1 degree C, very high in water

Question 26

Acids

Answer 26

substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution (H+)

Question 27

Bases

Answer 27

substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution (OH-)

Question 28

Function of Carbohydrates

Answer 28

fuel/ building material

Question 29

Function of Lipids

Answer 29

store energy

Question 30

Function of Proteins

Answer 30

many purposes including structure and regulation

Question 31

Function of Nucleic Acids

Answer 31

make up genetic information

Question 32

Functional Groups

Answer 32

molecules involved in chemical reactions (hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, sulfhydryl, phosphate, methyl)

Question 33

Denaturation

Answer 33

protein unravels and loses natural shape, no longer functonal

Question 34

Active Site

Answer 34

attatches to substrate on enzyme

Question 35

Nucleotide

Answer 35

monomer of nucleic acid