Chapter 1-5 Flashcards
Removal of headers by the receiving computer before sending it to the next higher layer.
De-Encapsulation.
Process of putting headers and sometimes trailers around data.
Encapsulation
The HTTP protocol belongs to what TCP-IP layer?
Application.
TCP and UDP belong to what layer?
Transport.
5 layers of the TCP-IP network model?
Physical Data Link Network Transport Physical
How does the TCP-IP model layers differ from the OSI model?
The physical layer is broken down into
Session
Presentation
Application
The encapsulated data in the transport layer?
Segment.
The encapsulated data in the Network layer?
Packet.
The encapsulated data in the Data-Link layer?
Frame.
100 Base-T can support what speeds and it maximum length?
100 Mbps 100 meters.
100 Base-T is also referred to as what?
Fast Ethernet.
1000 Base-LX can support what speeds and its maximum length?
1000 Mbps 5000 meters.
OSI term to generally refer to a group of info by a particular layer.
PDU (Protocol Data Unit)
What is full duplex better than half duplex?
Send and receive at the same time.
In straight through cabling, on devices that support full duplex, what pins do they transmit and receive through?
The first device transmits - 1 and 2
Receive - 3 and 6
The second device receives - 1 and 2
Transmits - 3 and 6
What is the draw back to half duplex?
Can only send OR receive. Not at the same time.
1000Base-LX is also referred to as what?
Gigabit Ethernet even though it’s actually fiber.
Ethernet and PPP belong to what TCP-IP layer?
Link (layer 2)
The process of a lower layer doing a task for a higher layer on the same device?
Adjacent layer interaction.
Which OSI layer defines the functions of logical network-wide addressing and routing?
Layer 3 network.
Which OSI layer defines standards for cabling and connectors?
Layer 1 physical.
What is true about the CSMA/CD algorithm?
Collisions can happen but the algorithm defines how the computers should notice a collision and how to recover.
What is true about the Ethernet FCS field?
It resides in the Ethernet trailer
What are two terms that describe Ethernet addresses that can be used to send one frame to multiple devices on a LAN?
Broadcast address
Multicast address
Which of the following typically connects to a four wire line by the telco?
CSU/DSU
2 important facts about IPv4 groups IP addresses.
All IP addresses in the same group must not be separated by a router.
All IP addresses separated by a router must be un different groups.
Goals of IP routing protocols?
- To dynamically learn and fill the routing table with a route for each subnet.
- If more than one route to subnet is available, to place the best route in the routing table.
- To notice when routes in the table are no longer valid, and remove them.
- If a route is removed and another route through another router is available, save it.
- Low convergence time. (the time between losing a route and finding another)
- to prevent routing loops.
Class A addresses can have how many networks and how many hosts per network?
About 126 networks and 16,777,214 hosts per network.
What is a classful IP network?
Class A B or C
What 4 steps does a router use to forward data?
- use data link FCS to ensure the frame had no errors.
- Deencapsulate old data link header and trailer.
- Compare the destination IP address to the routing table and find the best route.(identifies the outgoing interface and possibly the next hop router IP address)
- Encapsulate the packet inside a new datalink header and trailer appropriate for the outgoing interface and forward the frame.
How do Ip standards subdivide addresses into classes?
By the value of the first octet.
Class A IP addresses start with what range of DDN numbers?
1-126 (About half the address space)
Class B addresses can have how many networks and how many hosts per network?
About 16,384 networks and 65,534 hosts.
Class B IP addresses start with what range of DDN numbers?
128-191 (About 1/4)
When a host sends a packet to another host on a different subnet what does it do?
Forwards it to the default gateway (default router)
Class C addresses can have how many networks and how hosts per network?
About 2,097,152 networks and 254 hosts.
Class C IP addresses start with what range of DDN numbers?
192-223 (About 1/8)
3 features of protocols in layer 4.
Error recovery
Flow control
Segmenting of application data
Which header fields identify which TCP/IP applications gets data received by a computer?
TCP port number
UDP port number
Flow control, error recovery, multiplexing using port numbers and ordered data transfer are typical functions of which layer 4 protocol?
TCP
TCP and UDP share what same function?
Multiplexing using port numbers.
