chapter 1 Flashcards
in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm
cells
A phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment
cell membrane
one of the smallest bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function
organelle
in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes and growth, metabolism, and reproduction
nucleus
an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus
prokaryote
an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archabacteria or eubacrteria
eukaryote
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
cell wall
cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis
ribosome
a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids
endoplasmic reticulum
in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration
mitochondrion
cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
Golgi complex
a small captivity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell
vesicle
a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
lysosome
a group of similar cells that perform a common function
tissue
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
organ
