Chapter 1 Flashcards
1
Q
6 Main Groups of Microbes
A
- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Fungi
- Protozoa
- Algae
- Helminths (worms)
2
Q
Bacteria
A
- small (between 10um & 1um in size) micrometer
- single-celled
- prokaryotic organisms
3
Q
Viruses
A
- are NOT cells
- parasitic particle made of Nucleic Acid and Protein
- MOST COMMON microbes on earth
- invade hosts’ cells and inflict damage
- between 200 & 10nm (nanometer) in size
4
Q
Fungi
A
- eukaryotes
- microscopic: Molds & Yeasts
- larger organisms: Mushrooms & Puffballs
- 200 um (micrometer)
5
Q
Protozoa
A
- eukaryotes
- mostly single-celled
- animal-like
- 50 um (micrometer)
6
Q
Algae
A
- eukaryotes
- Photosynthetic
- ranging from single-celled To large seaweeds
- micrometer range
7
Q
helminths
A
-worms
8
Q
DKPCOFGS
A
- domain
- kingdom
- phylum
- class
- order
- family
- genus
- species
9
Q
Binomial Scientific Nomenclature
A
- Gives each microbe 2 names
- Genus, always capitalized
- Species, lowercase
- Both italicized OR underlined*
10
Q
3 Domains
A
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukarya
11
Q
Bacteria Domain
A
- includes True Prokaryotes
- Bacteria that have peptidoglycan
12
Q
Archaea Domain
A
- includes ODD Prokaryotes that live in EXTREME environments
- High salt, Heat, ph, Acid, Pressure..
13
Q
Eukarya Domain
A
- includes Eukaryotes that HAVE a Nucleus and Organelles
- examples being Animals, Fungi, Plants, Protista, Humans
14
Q
Phylogeny
A
-Natural relatedness between groups of organisms
15
Q
Pathogens
A
-Are microbes capable of causing Disease
16
Q
Parasites
A
-Live on or in the body of another organism called the Host and harm the Host
17
Q
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
A
- Was a dutch linen merchant
- Was the FIRST to observe living Microbes
- Invented the Microscope which had a single lens and magnified up to 300X
18
Q
Spontaneous Generation
A
- A belief that life could arise from Dead or Decomposing matter
- maggots from meat
- frogs from mud
- mice from straw
19
Q
Francesco Redi
A
- Redi helped disprove the belief of Spontaneous Generation
- Showed life came from other living things
- Theory of Biogenesis
20
Q
Louis Pasteur
A
- Showed that microbes caused food spoilage
- Demonstrated microbes present in air in 1861
- S-shaped flask let air in but kept microbes OUT
- Invented Pasteurization
21
Q
Oliver Wendell Holmes
A
- American physician who realized the human body and Hospitals were sources of Infection
- Noticed a disturbing trend. Mothers who gave birth at home had fewer infections
22
Q
Ignaz Semmelweis
A
- Physician who showed that women in maternity wards became infected after being examined by a physician
- It was a common practice at the time to come directly from autopsy room to maternity ward
- Lead to increased infection and death
