Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Deforestation

A

The clearing of all trees

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2
Q

Global climate

A

the prevailing weather patterns of a region over time

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3
Q

Greenhouse gases

A

gases that warm a planet’s surface by absorbing outgoing infrared radiation and reradiating some of it back toward the surface

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4
Q

Ozone layer

A

a chemically distinct region within the stratosphere that protects Earth’s surface from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation

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5
Q

acid rain

A

Acidic rainwater produced when various acids, including sulfuric acid produced from SO2 oxidation, combine with natural rainwater.

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6
Q

anthropogenic

A

induced by humans

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7
Q

atmosphere

A

The thin envelope of gases that surrounds most planets; one of the four major components of the Earth system.

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8
Q

biodiversity

A

The variety of life-forms, for example, the num- ber of species in an area.

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9
Q

biota

A

all living organisms

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10
Q

chlorofluorocarbons

A

Synthetic compounds containing chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. These gases, also called freons, contribute to the greenhouse effect and are harmful to the ozone layer.

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11
Q

core

A

The central part of a planet or of the Sun. Earth’s core— one of the three components of the solid Earth—is dense, is composed mostly of metallic iron and nickel, and has a solid inner and a liquid outer part

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12
Q

crust

A

The thin, outer layer of the solid Earth; consists of light, rocky matter that is in contact with the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biota

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13
Q

cryosphere

A

The portion of the Earth’s surface that is mostly frozen, including both the polar caps and mountain glaciers

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14
Q

deuterium

A

A stable isotope of hydrogen that has one neutron in its nucleus; denoted as 2H or D

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15
Q

Earth system

A

The group of interacting components (atmosphere, hydrosphere, solid Earth, and biota) that influence conditions at the Earth’s surface

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16
Q

fossil feuls

A

A

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17
Q

Gaia hypothesis

18
Q

glacial period

19
Q

global warming

20
Q

greenhouse effect

21
Q

greenhouse gases

22
Q

hydrosphere

23
Q

interglacial period

24
Q

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

25
Q

isotopes

26
Q

KT boundary

27
Q

latent heat

28
Q

luminosity

29
Q

mantle

30
Q

mass extinction

31
Q

nuclear fusion

32
Q

ozone

33
Q

ozone hole

34
Q

ozone layer

35
Q

photosynthesis

36
Q

rocks

37
Q

sediments

38
Q

solid earth

39
Q

stratosphere

40
Q

system

41
Q

trace gases