Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the National Monitoring Act of 1990?
pairs government organizations conducting national surveys of the nations health and nutritional status
What is the National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey?
focuses on nutritional and health status of americans
What do National Health & Nutrition Examination surveys focus on? Examples?
data from american population groups chosen to represent total population
ex) dietary intake, medical history, biochemistry evaluation, physical examinations
explain What We Eat in America (WWEIA)
2 day food record taken & compared w recommended standards (dietary intake)
methods of disease prevention through nutrition (3)
1) primary
2) secondary
3) tertiary
what is the primary method of disease prevention through nutrition?
prevent initial development of disease or poor health
what is the secondary method of disease prevention through nutrition?
early detection leading to change in behavior to reduce effects
what is the tertiary method of disease prevention through nutrition?
after disorder develops, continued medical care, diet therapy, learning about disorder/disease
what are ways to educate health with literacy?
formal, informal, non-formal
describe formal health literacy
purposefully planned for implementation in a school setting
describe informal health literacy
give examples
educational experiences occur in daily activities
ex) watching tv, reading newspaper, magazines, internet
describe non-formal health literacy
organized teaching & learning events in hospitals, clinics, community centers
what is health context?
considers influence of cultural, social and individual factors
what is health literacy actualization?
being able to use acquired health knowledge and skills
purpose of carbs
energy, source of fuel
purpose of proteins
energy, structure for bones, muscles, blood, hormones, immune system, and cell membranes
purpose of lipids
components of all cell structures, help produce hormones, pad organs
what are triglycerides?
saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, & polyunsaturated fat
where does trans fat come from?
processed foods
purpose of vitamins
help other nutrients in digestion, absorption, metabolism, & excretion
which vitamins are water-soluble?
B & C
what are fat soluble vitamins?
A, D, E, K
purpose of minerals
structure, influence muscle function & central nervous system
- major minerals
- trace minerals
what are major minerals?
calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, chloride, sulfur
what are trace minerals?
iron, copper, zinc, manganese, fluoride, cobalt, selenium
what recommendation is for amount of nutrient needed to meet basic requirements of half the tested group?
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
what recommendation is for level of nutrient intake sufficient to meet needs of most healthy group members?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
what recommendation is for aprox. level of average nutrient intake determined by observation of group appearing to have good health?
Adequate Intake (AI)
what recommendation tells the max amount of nutrients?
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
what are the acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges
daily % of energy intake values for macronutrients, fat, carbs, and protein
daily recommendation range for carbs?
45%-65%
daily recommendation range for fat?
20%-35%
daily recommendation range for protein?
10%-35%
describe Estimated Energy Requirement
energy intake levels to maintain weight within age group, gender, height, and activity level categories
what is health claim?
compare & describe relationship btw food substance and reduced risk of disease or health related condition
what is nutrient content claim?
describes level of nutrient in product by using terms like “low” “lite” “more” “reduced” “free”
