Chapter 1

Question 1

Psychology refers to the study of

Answer 1

mind and behavior

Question 2

Mind refers to

Answer 2

internal states and processes such as thoughts and feelings

Question 3

Behavior refers to

Answer 3

actions and responses

Question 4

Clinical psychology

Answer 4

The study and treatment of mental disorders

Question 5

cognitive psychology

Answer 5

The study of mental processes

Question 6

Biopsychology/neuroscience

Answer 6

Focuses on the biological underpinning of behavior

Question 7

Developmental Psychology

Answer 7

Examines human psychical,psychological, and social development

Question 8

Experimental Psychology

Answer 8

Focuses on basic processes as learning, sensory system, perception and motivational state

Question 9

I/O Psychology

Answer 9

Examine’s people’s behavior in workforce, also studies leadership, motivation and such

Question 10

Personality Psychology

Answer 10

Study of human personality

Question 11

Social psychology

Answer 11

Examine’s people’s thoughts, feelings and behaviour pertaining to the social world

Question 12

Mental shortcut

Answer 12

they serve us poorly and we often take them

Question 13

Many factors in real life may operate simultaneously to influence behaviour, we may fail to _______

Answer 13

consider alternative explanations

Question 14

Confirmation bias

Answer 14

Selectively paying attention to information that is consistent with out beliefs

Question 15

Science is….

Answer 15

self-correcting process

Question 16

Goals of Psychology

Answer 16

1. Describe how people and animals behave
2. Explain the causes of the behaviours
3. Predict behaviours in specific situations
4. Influence or control behaviour

Question 17

Basic research

Answer 17

Quest for knowledge

Question 18

Applied research

Answer 18

Solve specific practical problems

Question 19

Level of analysis

Answer 19

Biological, psychological, and environmental

Question 20

Mind-body dualism

Answer 20

belief that the mind is a spiritual entity not subject to physical laws that govern our body (Rene Descarte)

Question 21

Monism

Answer 21

Mind and body are one (Thomas Hobbes)

Question 22

Structualism

Answer 22

Mind could be studied by breaking it down to its basic components (Wundt and Titchner)

Question 23

Functionalism

Answer 23

We should study the functions of consciousness rather than its structure (James)

Question 24

Psychodynamic Perspective

Answer 24

searches for the causes of behaviour within the inner workings of our personality (Freud)

Question 25

Psychoanalysis

Answer 25

The analysis of internal and primarily unconcious psychological forces (Freud)

Question 26

Behaviourism

Answer 26

Humans react to the environment (Skinner)

Question 27

Cognitive behaviorism

Answer 27

Learning experiences and the environment affect our behavior by giving us the information we need to behave effectively

Question 28

Humanistic perspective

Answer 28

emphasizes free will, personal growth, and the attempt to find meaning in one’s existence

Question 29

Positive psychology

Answer 29

emphasizes the study of human strengths, fulfillment, and optimal living

Question 30

Self-actualization

Answer 30

Maslow believed that everyone had an inner force to reach one’s full potential

Question 31

Cognitive

Answer 31

Examines nature of the mind and how mental processes influence behaviour

Question 32

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 32

Examined how the mind organizes elements of experience into a unifed or whole perception -“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”

Question 33

Socioculture

Answer 33

Examines social environment and cultural learning influence our behaviour, thoughts and feelings

Question 34

Biological

Answer 34

examines how brain processes and other bodily functions regulate behaviour