Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

a-

an-

A

no, not, without

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2
Q

aut-

auto-

A

self, own

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3
Q

dia-

A

through, complete

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4
Q

end-

endo-

A

within

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5
Q

epi-

A

above, upon

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6
Q

ex-

exo-

A

out, outside of, outward

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7
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above, more than normal

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8
Q

hypo-

A

deficient, below, under, less than normal

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9
Q

in-

A

into, in

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10
Q

peri-

A

surrounding, around

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11
Q

pro-

A

before, forward

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12
Q

re-

A

back, backward, again

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13
Q

retro-

A

behind

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14
Q

sub-

A

below, under

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15
Q

trans-

A

across, through

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16
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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17
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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18
Q

bi/o

A

life

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19
Q

carcin/o

A

cancerous, cancer

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20
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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21
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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22
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum (largest part of the brain)

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23
Q

cis/o

A

to cut

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24
Q

crin/o

A

to secrete (to form and give off)

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25
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder; a sac or cyst (sac containing fluid)

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26
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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27
Q

derm/o

dermat/o

A

skin

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28
Q

electro/o

A

electricity

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29
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

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30
Q

enter/o

A

intestines (usually the small intestine)

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31
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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32
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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33
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar

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34
Q

gnos/o

A

knowledge

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35
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

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36
Q

hemat/o

hem/o

A

blood

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37
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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38
Q

iatr/o

A

treatment, physician

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39
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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40
Q

log/o

A

study of

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41
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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42
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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43
Q

onc/o

A

tumor

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44
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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45
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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46
Q

path/o

A

disease

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47
Q

ped/o

A

child

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48
Q

psych/o

A

mind

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49
Q

radi/o

A

x-rays

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50
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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51
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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52
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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53
Q

sect/o

A

to cut

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54
Q

thromb/o

A

clot, clotting

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55
Q

ur/o

A

urinary tract, urine

56
Q
  • ac
  • al
  • ic
  • ical
A

pertaining to

57
Q

-algia

A

pain

58
Q

-cyte

A

cell

59
Q

-ectomy

A

excision, removal

60
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

61
Q

-genic

A

pertaining to producing, produced by, or produced in

62
Q

-globin

A

protein

63
Q

-gram

A

record

64
Q

-ion

A

process

65
Q

-ist

A

specialist

66
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

67
Q

-logy

A

process of study

68
Q

-oma

A

tumor, mass, swelling

69
Q

-opsy

A

process of viewing

70
Q

-osis

A

condition, usually abnormal (slight increase in numbers when used with blood cells)

71
Q

-pathy

A

disease condition

72
Q

-scope

A

instrument to visually examine

73
Q

-scopy

A

process of visually examining with an endoscope

74
Q

-sis

A

state of; condition

75
Q

-tomy

A

process of cutting, incision

76
Q

-y

A

process, condition

77
Q

Word beginnings are called

A

prefixes

78
Q

Word endings are called

A

suffixes

79
Q

The foundation of a word is known as the

A

root

80
Q

A letter linking a suffic and a root, or linking two roots, in a term is the

A

combining vowel

81
Q

The combination of a root and a combining vowel is known as the

A

combining form

82
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

cerebral

A

cerebr/al

pertaining to the cerebrum, or largest part of the brain

83
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

biopsy

A

bi/opsy

process of viewing life

(removal of living tissue and viewing it under a microscope)

84
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

adenitis

A

aden/itis

inflammation of a gland

85
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

cephalic

A

cephal/ic

pertaining to the head

86
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

carcinoma

A

carcin/oma

tumor that is cancerous

87
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

cystoscopy

A

cyst/o/scopy

process of visually examining the urinary bladder

88
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

electrocardiogram

A

electr/o/cardi/o/gram

record of the electricity in the heart

89
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

cardiology

A

cardi/o/logy

the process of the study of heart

90
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

electroencephalogram

A

electr/o/encephal/o/gram

recoard of the electricity in the brain

91
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

dermatitis

A

dermat/itis

inflammation of the skin

92
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

arthroscopy

A

arthr/o/scopy

process of visual examination of a joint

93
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

cytology

A

cyt/o/logy

the process of the study of cells

94
Q

Give the medical term for:

white blood cells

A

leukocyte

95
Q

Give the medical term for:

inflammation of the stomach

A

gastritis

96
Q

Give the medical term for:

pertaining to being produced by treatment

A

iatrogenic

97
Q

Give the medical term for:

study of kidneys

A

nephrology

98
Q

Give the medical term for:

red blood cell

A

erythrocyte

99
Q

Give the medical term for:

mass of blood

A

hematoma

100
Q

Give the medical term for:

process of viewing living tissue (using a microscope):

A

biopsy

101
Q

Give the medical term for:

pain of nerves

A

neuralgia

102
Q

Give the medical term for:

process of visual examination of the eye

A

ophthalmoscopy

103
Q

Give the medical term for:

inflammation of the small intestine

A

enteritis

104
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

ophthalmoscopy

A

ophthalm/o/scopy

the process of visual examination of th eye

105
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

ophthalmoscope

A

ophthalm/o/scope

instrument to visually examine the eye

106
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

oncology

A

the study of tumors

107
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

osteitis

A

oste/itis

inflammation of the bone

108
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

psychosis

A

psych/o/sis

abnormal condition of the mind

109
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

thrombocyte

A

thromb/o/cyte

clotting cell (platelet)

110
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

renal

A

ren/al

pertaining to the kidneys

111
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

nephrectomy

A

nephr/ectomy

removal (excision or resection) of the kidney

112
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

osteotomy

A

oste/o/tomy

incision of (process of cuttin into) a bone

113
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

resection

A

resect/ion

process of cutting back (in the sense of “cutting out” or removal)

114
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

carcinogenic

A

carcin/o/genic

pertaining to producing cancerous

115
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

sarcoma

A

sarc/oma

tumor of the flesh (cancerous tumor of flesh tissue, such as bone, fat, and muscle)

116
Q

When Paul smoked cigarettes, he inhaled a ___________________ substance with each puff.

A

carcinogenic

117
Q

Sally’s sore throat, fever, and chills made her doctor order a white blood cell count. The results, indicating infection, showed a slight increase in normal cells, a condition called, ________________.

A

leukocytosis

118
Q

Mr. Smith’s liver enlarged, givinghim abdominal pain. HIs radiologic tests and biopsy revealed a malignant tumor, or ________________.

A

hepatoma (hepatocellular carcinoma)

119
Q

Mrs. Rose complained of pain in her hip joints, knees, and shoulders each morning. She was told that she had painful joints, or ___________.

A

arthralgia

120
Q

Dr. Black was trained to treat disorders of the pancreas, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and pituitary gland. Thus, he was an expert in the _____________ glands.

A

endocrine

121
Q

Ms. Walsh told her doctor she had pain when urinating. After tests, the doctor’s diagnosis was inflammation of the urinary bladder, or ________________.

A

cystitis

122
Q

Elizabeth’s overhead tennis shot hit David in the thigh, producing a large ________________. His skin looked bruised and was tender.

A

hematoma

123
Q

Mr. Bell’s white blood cell count is 10 times higher than normal. Examination of his blood shows cancerous white blood cells. His diagnosis is ____________.

A

leukemia

124
Q

Mr. Kay was resuscitated (revived from potential or apparent death) in the emergency department after experiencing a heart attack. Unfortunately, he suffered a broken rib as a result of the physician’s chest compressions. This is an example of a/an _____________ fracture.

A

iatrogenic

125
Q

After coming back from a trip during which he had eaten unfamiliar foods, Mr. Cameron had a disease of his intestines called __________.

A

enteropathy

126
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

diagnosis

A

dia/gnos/is

complete knowledge; a decision about the nature of the patient’s condition after the appropriate tests are done

127
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

prognosis

A

pro/gnos/is

before knowledge; a prediction about the outcome of treatment, given after the diagnosis

128
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

subhepatic

A

sub/hepat/ic

pertaining to below the liver; a combining vowel is not needed between the prefix and the root

129
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

pericardium

A

peri/cardium

the membrane surrounding the heart

130
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

hyperglycemia

A

hyper/glyc/emia

condition of excessive sugar in the blood

131
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

hypodermic

A

hypo/derm/ic

pertaining to under the skin

132
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

epigastric

A

epi/gastr/ic

pertaining to above the stomach

133
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

resection

A

re/sect/ion

the process of cutting back

134
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

hypoglycemia

A

hypo/glyc/emia

condition of deficient (low) sugar in the blood

135
Q

Give the meaning of the entire term:

anemia

A

an/em/ia

condition of low numbers of erythrocytes (red blood cells) or deficient hemoglobin in these cells.

Notice that the root in this term is em, which is shortened from hem, meaning blood.