Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the belief called where the mind and body are thought to be made of different substances, with the body being made of mater and the mind not?
Dualism
What is the condition called when a patient claims to be completely blind, but is still able to move or navigate in response to visual cues?
Blindsight
Which part of the brain is damaged, cut or removed in split-brained patients?
The corpus collasum
What does the “rubber hand illusion” tell us about the brain or mind?
The sense of self, in the sense of ownership of body parts, is a perception based in the integration of tactile, and visual, cues as related to that part of the body.
According to Carlson, one of the goals of research is Reduction. What is this?
It is the goal of explaining how a complex process is the result of many smaller, or simpler, processes.
In discussing the history of behavioral neuroscience, Carlson notes that we often use a model to help in our understanding. Which of the following is true about models?
b. They are non-physiological mechanisms or devices whose functioning is thought to represent how our brains might work.
c. They are useful in that they help generate testible experiments on our brains, a benefit not gained by philosophical speculation.
Both b and c.
The idea of Darwin that a biological behavior or structure should be understood in terms of its usefulness or purpose is called?
Functionalism
Which of the following are true of mutations?
They are accidental changes in the DNA found in sperm or eggs, which then can be passed to the organisms offspring.
Most often they are detrimental or deadly
They are necessary for evolution to occur.
All of the above
Among our closest primate relatives (Chimps, Gorillas, Orangutans), what percentage of our DNA is similar to theirs (on average)?
More than 97% similarity.
How does human brains compared to that of other species?
b. Our brains have more neurons per gram of tissue as compared to other species.
c. As a ratio with the size of our bodies, our brains are one of the largest.
e. Both b and c.
According to Carlson, humans have a much slower physiological maturation. What is the slowing of the maturation process called?
Neoteny
Which of the following is true as found in the discussion on the Ethics of Animal Research?
Far more abandoned former pets are put to death through Humane Society facilities, then animals who were used for research.
Animal rights activists appear to focus much more of their efforts on animal research even though animal research constitutes only a small fraction of cases that involve controversial animal use (e.g. the use of animals in the cosmetics industry or the hunting of animals).
Both b and d.
Which of the following practical learning strategies does Carlson recommend?
None of the above.
To have a comprehensive understanding of the material in the text, and to be on your path to becoming a good behavioral neuroscientist, Carlson suggests that you need to understand more than the basic conclusions about how the brain works. What else should you understand?
The experimentation procedures and logical reasoning which led researchers to those conclusions.
The methodology of understanding the brain by removing a small part of it to see how the behavior of the subject changes is called:
Experimental Ablation
