Chapter 1 Flashcards
Is the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. Affects all aspects of life and most natural events because all living and nonliving things are made of matter
Chemistry
What are five traditional areas of study in chemistry?
Organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry
The study of all chemicals contain carbon
Organic chemistry
The study of chemicals that in general, do not contain carbon
Inorganic chemistry
The study of processes that take place in living organisms. Processes include muscle contraction and digestion
Biochemistry
The area of study that focuses on the composition of matter
Analytical chemistry
Is the area that deals with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change
Physical chemistry
Is the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake
Pure chemistry
Is research that is directed toward a practical goal or application
Applied chemistry
Are usually linked. Pure research can lead direction to an application, but an application can exist before research is done to explain how it works
Pure and Applied chemistry
Many physicists, biologists, astronomers, geologists, environmental scientists and others use chemistry
Chemistry as the central science
Are composed of particles called atoms, and every atom contains a nuclear and one or more electron
Elements
Positive charge
Protons
No charge
Neutrons
Negative charge
Electrons
Chemical compounds, which are collection of two or more elements. Greatly influence the properties of compounds
Bonding and interactions
Involve processes in which reactants produce products. Is important to the chemistry of living and nonliving things
Reactions
The way in which these motions vary changes in temperature and pressure determine whether a substance will solid, liquid, or gas
Kinetic theory
Little movement, arranged
Solid
Basic arrangement, movement
Liquid
Separated, constant fast movement
Gas
Is vital to know the amount of the reacting material. The measure is possible using the mole, the chemists invaluable unit for specifying the amount of material
The mole and quantifying matter
Every chemical process uses or produces energy, often in the form of hear. Changes in quantity called free energy, allowed to predict whether a reaction will actually occur
Matter and energy