Chapter 1

Question 1

Neuropharmacology

Answer 1

with drug-induced changes in the functioning of cells in the nervous system.

Question 2

Psychopharmacology

Answer 2

emphasizes drug induced changes in mood, thinking, and behavior.

Question 3

neuropsychopharmacology

Answer 3

is to identify chemical substances that act upon the nervous system to alter behavior that is disturbed due to injury, diseases, or environmental factors.

Question 4

Drug action

Answer 4

we are referring to the specific molecular changes produced by a drug when it binds to a particular target site or receptor.

Question 5

Drug effects

Answer 5

Molecular changes lead to more widespread alternations in physiological or psychological functions.

Question 6

therapeutic effects

Answer 6

drug receptors interaction produces desired physical or behavioral changes.

Question 7

Side effects

Answer 7

severity fom mild annoying to distressing and dangerous

Question 8

specific drug effects

Answer 8

defined as those based on the physical and biochemical interactions of a drug with a target site in the tissue

Question 9

nonspecific drug effects

Answer 9

those that are not based on the chemical activity of the drug but on certian characteristic’s of that individual

Question 10

Placebo

Answer 10

nonspecific effets. Pharmacologiclly inert compound administered to an indiidual. not only therapeutic but side effects as well

Question 11

double blind experiment

Answer 11

neither the patient or reciever know what the treathment recieved

Question 12

Oral administration

Answer 12

popular route. self administered. pills. to work it must dissolve in stomach fluid and pass through stomach wall to reach blood capillaires.

Question 13

absorbtion

Answer 13

movement of drug from the site of administration to the blood circulation.

Question 14

First pass effect

Answer 14

phenomenon in which the liver metabolizes some of a drug before it can circulate through the body particularly when the drug has been taken orally

Question 15

psychoactive drugs

Answer 15

those drugs that have effect on thinking, mood, and behavior

Question 16

phospholipids

Answer 16

cell membranes are made up primarily of complex lipid (fat) molecules. which hae a - charged region and one end and two uncharged lipid tails.

Question 17

passive diffusion

Answer 17

drugs with high lipid solubility move through cell membranes leaving the water in the blood or stomach juices and entering the lipid layers of membranes

Question 18

ionization

Answer 18

depends on 2 factos. relative acidity/alkalinity (Ph) of the solution and an intrinsic property of the molecule (pK)

Question 19

Dose respone curve

Answer 19

describes the amount of biological or behavioral effect (respones) for a given drug concentration (dose)