Chapter 1

Question 1

Data management

Answer 1

Generation, storage and retrieval of data

Question 2

Information

Answer 2

Produced by processing data and gives it meaning.

Question 3

Knowledge

Answer 3

Information enables knowledge

Question 4

Metadata

Answer 4

Data about data (describes characteristics of the data and its relationships)

Question 5

Database Management System (DBMS)

Answer 5

Collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to data stored within it.

It is an intermediary between the user and the database.

Question 6

Data inconsistency

Answer 6

Different versions of the same data appear in different places

Question 7

Data quality

Answer 7

Promoting accuracy, validity. And timeliness of data

Question 8

Types of data bases:

Answer 8

Single-user
-Desktop database

Multi-user
-Workgroup database: supports small number of users

 -enterprise database: supports many users across many departments.

Question 9

Centralized database:

Answer 9

Data located at a single site

Question 10

Distributed database:

Answer 10

Data is distributed across different sites.

Question 11

Cloud database:

Answer 11

Created and maintained using cloud data services

Question 12

General-purpose databases:

Answer 12

Contains wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines.

Question 13

Discipline specific database

Answer 13

Contains data focused on specific subject areas

Question 14

Operational database

Answer 14

Supports a company’s day to day operations

Question 15

Analytical database

Answer 15

Stores historical data and business metrics used for strategic decision making

Question 16

Data warehouse

Answer 16

Stores data in format optimized for decision support

Question 17

Online analytical processing (OLAP)

Answer 17

Enables retrieving, processing and modeling of data from a data warehouse

Question 18

Extensible mark up language

Answer 18

Represents data elements in textual format

Question 19

Field

Answer 19

A character or group of characters that had a specific meaning, used to define and store data

Question 20

Record

Answer 20

Logically connected set of fields that describe a person place or thing.

Ex: The record Customer could consist of the fields “name, address, phone number,” etc.

Question 21

File

Answer 21

A collection of related records.

Question 22

Structural dependence

Answer 22

Access to a file is dependent of its own structure

Question 23

Structural independence

Answer 23

File structure is changed without affecting the applications ability to access data.

Question 24

Data dependence / independence

Answer 24

Data changes when the data storage characteristics change.

/

Data storage characteristics are changed without affecting the program’s ability to access the data.

Question 25

Islands of information

Answer 25

Scattered data locations (possible different versions of the same data)

Question 26

Data anomaly:

Answer 26

Develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made successfully.

Different types of the same data in different areas.

Three types of data anomaly:
Update anomaly
Insertion anomaly
Deletion anomoly

Question 27

Raw data

Answer 27

data, not yet processed to reveal meaning.