Chapter 1 Flashcards
Which is faster, a human or computer?
Computer
Which has more memory, a human or computer?
Human
Which is smarter, a human or computer?
Human
What causes computer errors?
Faulty instructions
Sloppy data entry
What is used in mores code?
Short/Long Signals
Dots/Dashes
What number are used in binary code?
1s and 0s
How many bytes does ASCII use?
One (256 Possible Characters)
How many bytes does UNICODE use to store memory?
Two (65,536 Possible Characters)
How many bits are in a byte?
1 byte = 8 bits
What base is our number system?
Base 10
What base is the computer in?
Base 2
What was the first computer systems to store a byte?
UNIVAC
What is true abut the first computer opposed to the computers today?
Early computers used vacuum tubes.
What are characteristics of modern computers opposed to the early computers?
Computers today use silicon chips.
What is the main circuit board called?
Motherboard
What is the CPU?
Central Processing Unit
Brains
What is the RAM?
Random Access Memory (TEMPORARILY STORES INFO)
What is the ROM?
Read Only Memory (PERMANENTLY STORES INFO)
What stores permanently in the computer?
ROM
What stores temporary in the computer?
RAM
What are the brains of the computer called?
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
How many bites in mega-byte?
1,000,000 or 2^20
How many bites in tera-byte?
1,000,000,000,000 or 2^40
How many bites in kilo-byte?
1,000 or 2^10
How many bites in giga-byte?
1,000,000,000 or 2^30
What is used to magnetically store the information on a disk or tape?
Iron oxide (Rust)
What storage device uses laser light?
CD
What is the definition of a program?
Sequence of instructions, which enables a computer to preform a desired task.
What does the computer use to understand machine code?
Compiler or Interpretor
Machine code is made up of what numbers?
1s and 0s (directly manipulating)
What program are we going to learn how to use in Computer Science?
Java
What language was created by Grace Hopper for the business world?
Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL)
What was the first successful programing language?
FORTRAN
What computer language was used by scientist and engineers?
Formula Translator (FORTRAN)
Which programing language added OOP to the C language?
C++
What language came before C?
Pascal
What language is platform independent?
Java
Which language is the first one used on a PC?
BASIC
What language was designed for the purpose of teaching APCS?
Java
What is an interpreter?
translates one program statement at a time during execution*
What is a compiler?
translates entire program into an executable file before execution
What is an assembler?
a program for converting instructions written in low-level symbolic code into machine code.
Does Java use an interpreter, compiler, and/or an assembler?
Compiler and Interpreter
What are examples of hardware?
keyboard, mouse, computer case
What are examples of software?
Application Software
System Software
What are examples of application software?
spreadsheet word exell
Examples of system software?
UNIX or Windows 8
Extra Card
Extra Card
