Chapter 1-4 Observational and Experimental Studies

Question 1

Observational Study

Answer 1

The researcher merely observes what is happening or what has happened in the past and tries to draw conclusions based on these observations

Question 2

Experimental Study

Answer 2

The researchers manipulates one of the variables and tries to determine how the manipulation influences other variables.

Question 3

Quasi-experimental Study

Answer 3

Researchers use intact groups

Question 4

Independent Variable

Answer 4

The variable that is being manipulated by researcher.

Question 5

Explanatory Variable

Answer 5

The independent variable

Question 6

Dependent (Outcome) Variable

Answer 6

The resultant variable.

Question 7

Treatment Group

Answer 7

The group that received the special instructions.

Question 8

Control Group

Answer 8

the group that does not receive the special instructions.

Question 9

Hawthorne Effect

Answer 9

Subjects who knew they were participating in an experiment actually changed their behavior in ways that affected the results of the study.

Question 10

Confounding Variable

Answer 10

One that influences the dependent or outcome variable but was not separated from the independent variable.