Chapter 1-4 Flashcards
Cocci
Round-shaped
Bacilli
Rod-shaped
Spirillium
Spiral or Cork screw shaped
Diplococci
Cocci in pairs
Bacterial Motility
Ability to move
Coagulase Test
Enzyme produced by some bacterial species that coagulase (clots) blood plasma. Performed on gram-positive, catalase- positive species of bacteria to definitively identify the coagulase-positive S. aureus species.
Catalase Test
An enzyme produced by living cells including a number of species. The presence or absence of catalase in bacterial culture provides an easy identification marker for clinicians.
Test using antisera
Enzyme-linked immunabsorbent assays (ELISA’s) and slide agglutination test.
ELISA is used to diagnoise HIV.
Antibodies
when a microorganism enters an animals body it stimulates the host’s immune system.
-Proteins in circulatory system that bind with specific bacterium or antigen.
Reducing Media
Prevent the destruction of the bacteria in oxygen.
Streptococus Pyogenes
- bacteria that causes strep.
- clear ring around colony where that bacteria break up surrounding erythrocytes.
Differential media
Makes it easier to distinguish specific colonies of bacteria in the same Petri Dish.
Blood Agar
A combination of nutrient agar and sheep erythrocytes.
- Used for staphylococcus epidemidis, Diploccus pneumoniae and Clostridium perfringens.
- enriched media used to identify bacteria that destroy erthrocytes.
Slants
agar is allowed to solidify with the thube held at an angle so that the bacteria have a larger surface area growth.
Aerobic
with oxygen
MacConkey Agar
Both selective and differential medium. Combination of bile salts, lactose, and crystal violet. Gram (-) bacteria are able to ferment lactose and produce pink colonies.
Selective media
Prevents the growth of particular species of microbes while allowing the growth of desired species.
Fastidious
Needs complex nutrientional requirements.
Chocolate Agar
Both an enriched and a selective medium, is a combination of nutrient agar amd powdered hemoglobin.
Anaerobic
Without oxygen
Flagella
Hair-like bacteria help with motility of the cell. Can’t be seen without stain.
Negative Staining for Capsules Process
Procedure involves mixing Indian Ink, provides dark background for viewing the bacteria.
-Indian Ink= negative staining
Special Stains
Special structures of microbes, such as spores, flagella, aid in identifying the presence of capsules
Simple Stains
Sufficient for determining the shape of bacteria and basic structure.
- single dye
- applied to fixed smear
- rinsed with water
- dried