Chapter 1-4 Flashcards
Heterogeneous
Different
The study of matter and the changes it undergoes
Chemistry
Homogeneous
The same or uniform
2 or more substances heterogeneously combined having a variable composition
Mixture
2 or more substances homogeneously combined having a variable composition
Solution
Suspension
Particles will eventually settle at the bottom
Colloid
Particles are too small to settle
Tyndall effect
Light scattering effect of colloids
Capable to see light beam
2 or more elements chemically bonded having a constant composition
Compound
One type of atom
Element
Process that alters the composition of a substance
Chemical change
How are compounds separated
By chemical changes
Process that alters the appearance of a substance
Physical change
What are phase changes considered
Physical
How are mixtures and suspensions separated
By physical changes
Characteristic that describes how a substance interacts with other chemicals
Chemical properties
Characteristic of a substance you can determine with the 5 senses
Physical properties
What are some ex of physical properties
Melting point
Boiling point
Density
Property that is independent of the sample size
Intensive property
Property that varies with the sample size
Extensive property
Ex of intensive properties
Melting point Boiling point Freezing point Density Temperature
Ex of extensive property
Heat
Smallest part of a compound
Molecule
When all molecular energy stops
0 kelvin
-273 degrees Celsius
Absolute zero
How do molecules have energy
Temperature
What is the majority of a gas
Empty space
Exact number
Infinite amount of sig figs
A counting number
Where is the proton located
What is it’s charge
What is it’s mass
Nucleus
Positive
1 amu
Where is the neutron located
What is it’s charge
What is it’s mass
Nucleus
Neutral charge
1 amu
Where is the electron located
What is it’s charge
What is it’s mass
Outside nucleus
Negative charge
Mass is negligible
Atomic number
Number of protons
Also same as number of electrons as long as the atom is neutral
How do you determine the number of neutrons an atom has
Mass number - atomic number
Various forms of the same element having the same number of protons but different number of neutrons resulting in different masses
Isotope
Weighted average of an atom
Mass number
