Chapter 1 Flashcards
Cell
The smallest unit that can preform all life processes: cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm.
Cell membrane
Acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cells environment.
Organelle
One of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function.
Nucleus
In a eukaryotic cell, a cell membrane bound organelle that contains DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
Prokaryote
An organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus.
Eukaryote
An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane ; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archeabacteria or eubacteria.
Cell Wall
A rigid structure that gives support to a cell.
Ribosomes
Cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of portein synthesis.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids.
Mitochondrion
In eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration.
Golgi Complex
Cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell.
Vesicle
A small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell.
Lyosome
A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
Tissue
A group of similar cells that perform a common function.
Organ
A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body.
