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Biology 1010C Chapter 1 Vocabulary Set > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

biology

A

the science of life

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2
Q

homeostasis

A

a process that allows organisms to maintain relatively constant internal conditions that are different from their environment

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3
Q

atoms

A

the fundamental elements of matter

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4
Q

molecules

A

atoms joined together into clusters

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5
Q

organelles

A

complex biological molecules assembled into tiny structures

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6
Q

cells

A

membrane bonded units

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7
Q

population

A

same species located in the same area

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8
Q

species

A

particular kind of organisms living together

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9
Q

community

A

different populations living together

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10
Q

ecosystem

A

the physical habitat a community lives in

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11
Q

biosphere

A

the entire planet

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12
Q

deductive reasoning

A

applies general principles to predict results

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13
Q

hypothesis

A

a proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence

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14
Q

experiment

A

testing hypothesis

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15
Q

natural selection

A

the gradual process by which heritable biological traits become either more or less common in a population

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16
Q

artificial selection

A

selective breeding

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17
Q

cell theory

A

foundation of understanding the reproduction and growth of all organisms

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18
Q

organs

A

are body structures composed of several different tissues acting as a structural and functional unit

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19
Q

organ system

A

group of organs working together for one purpose

20
Q

macromolecule

A

a large molecule commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits

21
Q

conclusion

A

the result

22
Q

dependent variable

A

what is measured and affected in an experiment

23
Q

bacteria

A

microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that can be found everywhere

24
Q

organism

A

an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form

25
Q

objective

A

a goal

26
Q

publish

A

to prepare and issue

27
Q

Charles Darwin

A

the English naturalist who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection. As a young man he spent five years on a British ship, HMS Beagle, visiting coasts and islands in the southern part of the world

28
Q

evolution

A

the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms

29
Q

analoguous

A

performing a similar function but having a different evolutionary origin, such as the wings of insects and birds

30
Q

archaea

A

a group of microorganisms that resemble bacteria but are different from them in certain aspects of their chemical structure

31
Q

data

A

facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis

32
Q

control variable

A

something that is constant and unchanged

33
Q

independent variable

A

a variable whose variation does not depend on that of another.

34
Q

Alfred Russel Wallace

A

English naturalist who formulated a concept of evolution that resembled Charles Darwin’s

35
Q

geometric progression

A

a progression of numbers with a constant ratio between each number and the one before

36
Q

homologous

A

similar in position, structure, and evolutionary origin but not necessarily in function

37
Q

eukaryote

A

an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus

38
Q

tissue

A

any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products

39
Q

observation

A

a remark, statement, or comment based on something one has seen, heard, or noticed

40
Q

Thomas Malthus

A

an English economist who argued that increases in population would outgrow increases in the means of subsistence

41
Q

arithmetic progression

A

a sequence of numbers such that the difference of any two successive members of the sequence is a constant

42
Q

homeodomain fold

A

a protein structural domain that binds DNA or RNA and is thus commonly found in transcription factors

43
Q

inductive reasoning

A

seeking strong evidence that supports the conclusion

44
Q

scientific theory

A

a series of statements about the causal elements for observed phenomena

45
Q

scientific law

A

a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspects of the universe

Biology 1010C Chapter 1 Vocabulary Set (2 decks)

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