Chapter 1

Question 1

Eukaryote

Answer 1

an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria.

Question 2

Prokaryote

Answer 2

a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria.

Question 3

Three Domains

Answer 3

Archaea

Eukarya

Question 4

Biological Organization

Answer 4

1. The Biosphere:
   Ex: Regions of land.
2. Ecosystems: consists of all living things in an area along with nonliving components.
   Ex: Soil, water, grasslands.
3. Populations: all the individuals of a species living
   Ex: sugar maple trees. White-tailed deer.
4. Communities: the array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem.
   Ex: Microorganisms.
5. Organisms: Individual living things.
   Ex: A frog.
6. Organs and Organ Systems:
   Organ: a body part that carries out a particular function in the body.
   ex: the heart.
   Organ System: a team of organs that cooperate in a larger function.
   ex: the circulatory system.
7. Tissues: a group of cells that work together, performing a specialized function.
   ex: the endocardium tissue.
8. Cells: life’s fundamental unit of structure and function.
   Ex: heart cell.
9. Organelles: the various functiojnal components present in cells.
10. Molecules: a molecule is a chemical structure consisting of two or more units.