Chapter 1 Flashcards
That’s ____(person).
Sono hito wa ___-san desu.
Who is this person?
Kono hito wa dare desu ka.
Is he/she your classmate at university?
Daigaku no kurasumeeto desu ka.
No, that’s not right. He/she is ___.
Iie, chigaimasu. ____-san desu.
classmate
kurasumeeto
friend
tomodachi
college student
daigakusee
Japan
nihon
U.S.
amerika
England
igirisu
Italy
itaria
Canada
kanada
South Korea
kankoku
Singapore
shingapooru
Spain
supein
U.S.
Amerika
England
Igirisu
Italy
It aria
Canada
Kanada
South Korea
Kankoku
Singapore
Shingapooru
Spain
Supein
Taiwan
Taiwan
China
Chuugoku
Germany
Doitsu
Brazil
Burajiru
France
Huransu
Hong Kong
Honkon
Mexico
Mekishiko
Russia
Roshia
Japanese
nihonjin
American
Amerikajin
English
Igirisujin
Italian
Itariajin
Canadian
Kanadajin
South Korean
Kankokujin
Singaporean
Shingapoorujin
Taiwanese
Taiwanjin
Chinese
Chuugokujin
Brasilian
Burajirujin
French
Huransujin
Person of Hong Kong
Honkonjin
Mexican
Mekishikojin
Russian
Roshiajin
Japanese language
Nihongo
English language
eigo
Italian language
Itariago
South Korean language
Kankokugo
Singaporean language
eigo/chuugokugo
Spain language
supeingo
Taiwan language
Chuugokugo
Chinese language
Chuugokugo
German language
Doitsugo
Brasilian language
Porutogarugo
French language
Huransugo
Hong Kong language
chuugokugo
Mexico language
Supeingo
Russian language
Roshiago
What country are you from?
O-kuni wa dochira desu ka.
I am from ____.
___ desu.
What language do you speak?
Nanigo o hanashimasu ka?
I speak ___.
____ o hanashimasu.
This is Ms. Mei-Lin Chin.
Kono hito wa Chin Meirin-San desu.
Is Ms. Chin Chinese?
Chin-san wa Chuugoku-jin desu ka.
Yes, that’s right. She speaks Chinese.
Hai, soo desu. Chuugoku-go o hanashimasu.
Excuse me. What is that?
Sumimasen. Are wa nan desu ka?
That’s sukiyaki.
Are wa sukiyaki desu.
Then please give me that.
Ja, are o o-negai shimasu.
Isn’t that person Mr. Hayashi?
Ano hito wa Hayashi-San de wa arimasen ka?
Which person?
Dono hito desu ka.
Over there. (I mean) that person.
Hora, ano hito desu.
No, that’s not Mr. Hayashi.
Iie, Hayashi-San ja arimasen yo.
This is a pen.
Kore wa pen desu.
I am Brown.
Watashi wa Buraun desu.
Sukiyaki is a Japanese dish.
Sukiyaki wa Nihon ryoori desu.
Ms. Machida is a student.
Machida-San wa gakusee desu.
The reception desk is over there.
Uketsuke wa asoko desu.
X wa Y means what?
X is equivalent to Y
X is a member of group Y
X is described (or modified) by Y
Wa indicates that
The preceding noun is the topic of the sentence.
Negative form of desu
Formal: de wa arimasen
Informal: ja arimasen
X isn’t Y (formal).
X wa Y de wa arimasen.
X isn’t Y (informal).
X wa Y ja arimasen.
This is not a pen.
Kore wa pen de wa arimasen.
I am not Brown.
Watashi wa Buraun de wa arimasen.
Sukiyaki is not a Chinese dish.
Sukiyaki wa Chuugoku ryoori de wa arimasen.
Ms. Machida is not a teacher.
Machida-San wa sensee de wa arimasen.
The reception desk is not here.
Uketsuke wa koko de wa arimasen.
That person is Mr./Ms. _____.
Ano hito wa ____-San desu.
Is that person Mr./Ms. _____?
Ano hito wa ____-san desu ka.
That person is not Mr./Ms. _____.
Ano hito wa ____-san de wa arimasen.
Isn’t that person Mr./Ms. ____?
Ano hito wa ____-san de wa arimasen ka.
Yes, it’s Mr./Ms. _____.
Hai, ____-san desu.
Yes, that’s right.
Hai, soo desu.
No, it’s not Mr./Ms. ____.
Iie, ___-san de wa arimasen.
No, that’s not right.
Iie, soo de wa arimasen.
No, that’s wrong.
Iie, chigaimasu.
I’m sorry, but I don’t know.
Sumimasen, wakarimasen.
Negative formal forms
- de wa arimasen
- de wa nai
Negative informal forms
- ja arimasen
- ja nai
Is that A or B
Are wa A desu ka, B desu ka.
Is this A or B
Kore wa A desu ka, B desu ka.
X mo Y desu means
X is a member of Y, too
What is his/her nationality?
Nani-jin desu ka.
What language does he speak?
Nani-go o hanashimasu ka.
living
iru
inanimate
aru
Mr./Ms. ____ is a teacher.
___-san wa sensee desu.
X の Y meanings
- Y of X
- Y belongs to X
- Y is a part of X
- Y is possessed by X
- Y has a characteristic of X
my book
Watashi no hon
the university library
Daigaku no toshokan
Ms. Machida’s fountain pen
Machida-san no mannenhitsu
a state in America
Amerika no shuu
cotton jeans
kotton no jiinzu
my friend’s university
Watashi no tomodachi no daigaku
the house of Mr. mimura’s girlfriend
Mimura-san no gaaruharendo no ie
Whose sweater is this?
Kore wa dare no seetaa desu ka.
It’s Ms. Brown’s.
Buraun-san no desu.
Is that also Ms. brown’s sweater?
Are mo Buraun-san no seetaa desu ka.
No, it’s Machida’s.
Iie, Machida-san no desu.
My friend’s name is…
Tomodachi no namae wa….
name
namae
origin; hometown
shusshin
major
senkoo
(academic) department
gakubu
year in school; school year
Bakunin
freshman
ichinensee
sophomore
ninensee
junior
sannensee
senior
yonensee
graduate student
daigakuinsee
origin/from
shusshin
Japanese asking a foreigner “What country are you from?”
- Dochira no o-kuni no kata desu ka.
- O-kuni wa dochira desu ka.
anthropology
jinruigaku
art
bijutsu
biology
seebutsugaku
chemistry
kagaku
Computer science
Konpyuuta-saiensu
Economics
Keezaigaku
Education
Kyooikugaku
Engineering
Koogaku
Foreign languages major
Gaikokugo
History major
Rekishigaku
Law major
Hoogaku
Linguistics major
Gengogaku
Literature major
Bungaku
Mathematics major
Suugaku
Music major
Ongaku
Philosophy major
Tetsugaku
Physics major
Butsurigaku
Political science major
Seejigaku
Sociology major
Shakaigaku
Students who fail college entrance exam one year wait a year and retake the exam the following year, studying at a cram school or on their own in the meantime. These students are called _____.
roonin (masterless samurai)
浪人
general education subjects
kyooyokamoku
specialised subjects
senmonkamoku
study of ____
___gaku
___学
economy
keizai
経済
academic department/faculty
___gakubu
___学部
Department of Economics
Keizaigakubu
fine arts
美術
bijuutsu
I am a student in the department of ____.
Watashi wa ___gakubu no gakusee desu.
Mr. Kawamura is a junior in the Engineering Department.
Kawamura-san wa koogakubu no sannensee desu.
Where are you from, Mr./Ms. ____?
___-san no go-shusshin wa doko desu ka.
I’m from ___.
____ no shusshin desu.
What year student are you?
Nannensee desu ka.
I’m a junior.
Sannensee desu.
What is your major?
Senkoo wa nan desu ka.
My major is history. (I am of the history major)
Watashi no senkoo wa rekishigaku desu.
Where are you from?
Go-shusshin wa doko desu ka.
(What is) your name?
O-namae wa (nan desu ka).
Where are you from?
Go-shusshin wa (dochira desu ka).
What country are you from?
O-kuni wa (dochira desu ka).
Where do you live?
O-sumai wa (dochira desu ka).
How old are you?
O-toshi wa (o-ikutsu desu ka).
What is your telephone number?
O-denwa bangoo wa (nan-ban desu ka).
My name is ____.
Namae wa ____ desu.
Sino-Japanese system: 1 year old
is-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 2 years old
ni-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 3 years old
san-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 4 years old
yon-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 5 years old
go-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 6 years old
roku-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 7 years old
nana-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 8 years old
has-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 9 years old
kyuu-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 10 years old
jus-sai
jis-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 11 years old
juu-is-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 12 years old
juu-ni-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 20 years old
ni-jus-sai
ni-jis-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 25 years old
ni-juu-go-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 46 years old
yon-juu-roku-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 99 years old
kyuu-juu-kyuu-sai
Sino-Japanese system: 100 years old
hyaku-sai
Japanese system: 1 year old
hitotsu
Japanese system: 2 years old
hutatsu
Japanese system: 3 years old
mittsu
Japanese system: 4 years old
yottsu
Japanese system: 5 years old
itsutsu
Japanese system: 6 years old
muttsu
Japanese system: 7 years old
nanatsu
Japanese system: 8 years old
yattsu
Japanese system: 9 years old
kokonotsu
Japanese system: 10 years old
too
Japanese system: 20 years old
hatachi
~months old
kagetsu
January
ichi-gateau
February
ni-gatsu
What month is this month?
Kongetsu wa nan-gatsu desu ka.
What month were you born in, ____?
___-san wa nan-gatsu umare desu ka.
I was born in ____(month).
___gatsu umare desu.
Excuse me, would you say that slowly?
Sumimasen. Yukkuri o-negai shimasu.
o-negai shimasu means
Please (do me a favour)
May I have your name?
O-namae wa
academic year
gakunen
college student
daigakusee
first year student
ichinensee
sophomore
ninensee
juniour
sannensee
senior
yonensee
graduate student
daigakuinsee
academic department
gakubu
nationality
kokuseki
hometown/origin
shusshin
academic major
senkoo
telephone number
denwa bangoo
name
namae
friend
tomodachi
professor’s office
kenkyuushitsu
administration office
jimushitsu
gym
taiikukan
laboratory
jikkenshitsu
building
biru
dormitory
ryoo
January
ichigatsu
April
shigatsu
July
shichigatsu
August
hachigatsu
September
kugatsu
what month
nangatsu
who
dare
where
doko
where (polite)
dochira
who (polite)
donata
what language
nanigo
what nationality
nanijin
what month
nangatsu
how old
nensee
What year (in school)
nannensee
What day of the week
nanyoobi
that place over there
asoko
that place over there (polite)
achira
that…over there
ano
that thing over there
are
subject marker
ga
this place; here
koko
this place; here (polite)
kochira
this…
kono
this thing
kore
negative of desu (informal)
ja arimasen
that place; there
soko
that place; there (polite)
sochira
that…
sono
that thing
sore
negative of desu
de wa arimasen
where
doko
where (polite); which (of two)
dochira
which… (Of more than two)
dono
which thing (of more than two)
dore