Chapter 1-3 Exam 1A Flashcards
1
Q
- strong in water
- enzymes make them and enzymes can ONLY break them
- shared electrons
A
Covalent bond
2
Q
One pair of electrons shared
A
Covalent rotation
3
Q
Two pairs electrons shared
A
Double covalent inflexible 3D
4
Q
- weak in water
- easy to break
A
Non covalent bonds
5
Q
Electronegativity determines whether:
A
Polar or non polar
6
Q
Electrons shared equally
A
Non polar covalent
7
Q
Electrons not shared equally
A
Polar covalent
8
Q
C-H
A
Non polar
-same electronegative
9
Q
C-O
C-N
O-H
A
Polar
-different electronegative
10
Q
H20
A
Polar
Because it pulls away
11
Q
O2
A
Non polar
Equal distribution
12
Q
Heat affects
A
Macromolecules
13
Q
Effect in water on hydrophobic molecules Ex. Oil and water - plays role in membranes - reason why proteins fold - and why they in fold when heated
A
Hydrophobic forces
14
Q
When two atoms are very close together
- can cause attraction or repel
- nucleus will repel because both are positive
- once atoms get further no effect
A
Van Der Waals
15
Q
Functional groups
A
Methyl Hydroxyl Carboxyl Amino Phosphate Carbonyl
16
Q
OH
A
Methyl
17
Q
COOH
A
Carboxyl
18
Q
NH2
A
Amino
19
Q
PO3H2
A
Phosphate
20
Q
C=O
A
Carbonyl
21
Q
Make up most of the dry weight in cells
A
Macromolecules
22
Q
Chemistry of life
A
- Based on carbon compounds
- Depends on chemical reactions in a aqueous solution
- Dominated and coordinated by collections of polymeric molecules
- Tightly regulated
23
Q
Small
-sugar
A
Large
- polysaccharide
- glycogen
- starch
24
Q
Small
-fatty acid
A
Large
- gas and membrane lipids
25
Small
| - amino acids
Large
| - proteins
26
Small
| Nucleotides
Large
| Nucleic acid
27
No covalent bonds hold what into a stable shape
Macromolecules
28
Peptide but mods behave as a
Partial double bond
29
Peptide bond links
Amino acids
30
How do you make a unfavorable reactions
1. Coupled reactions
| 2. Product removal
31
How do you over come non competitive inhibitors
Increase enzyme
32
Over come competitive inhibitors
Increase substrate
33
Electrons are shared between atoms to form molecules
| Bond
Covalent bond
