Chapter 1-3 Flashcards
Produces antibodies
Plasma cells
Class HLA II antigens
Macrophages
Dendritic cells
B-cells
HLA class I antigens
Platelets
Leukocytes
Most nucleated cells in the body
Epitope
Part of antigen recognized by a corresponding antibody or receptor
-known as antigenic determinant
-responsible for specificity
-
Lipid
Least immunogenicity
Protein
Most immunogenicity
Hem agglutination test
- Antigen on red cell
- Enhanced by increasing incubation time
Opsonins
Molecules that bind to antigen to increase phagocytosis
Way to prevent GVHD
Irradiation of the blood product
Complement activation results in
Cell lysis
Enhanced cell clearance
Neutrophil activation
Generation of vasoactive amines
MLC technique
Determine HLA-D antigens and compatibility
IgA
Found in mucosal linings
IgG
Able to cross placenta
- highest serum plasma concentration
- detected with anti globulin test
IgM
10 antigen binding sites
- produced early in immune response
- pentameter shape
- activates complement cascade most efficiently
- intravascular cell destruction
- immediate spin
- room temp
IgE
Allergic reaction
Phagocytes
APC
PMN
Lymphocytes
T cell
B cell
Antigen
Any substance ( usually foreign) that combines with an antibody or binds to a T cell
Immunogen
Antigen in its role of eliciting an immune response
- can have multiple epitope and produce multiple antibodies of varying specificity
Allotype
Parts of antibody that are common to host
Ex: IgG heavy chain allotrope
Isotope
IgG class
Heavy chain
Idiotype
Specific to antigen stimulating the response
Ex: complementary determining regions of antibodies are unique
Primary response
Lag phase 5-7 days
- initial exposure to antigen
- Ab rise,plateau, decline
- IgM followed by IgG
Secondary response
Ab production 1-2days
Memory B cells
Ab levels higher and sustained longer
- IgG
Prozone
Antibody excess
Postpone
Antigen excess
Idiotype
Variable region on immunoglobulin
Hinge region
Imports flexibility to the immunoglobulin
Kappa
Light chain
Haplotypes
When two genes are close together on the same chromosome and are inherited genes as in most blood group system
Polymorphic
Having two or more alleles at a given gene locus
Recessive
When a gene product is expressed only when it is inherited by both parents
