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104, 105- Ultrasound Physics > Chapter 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapter 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Is the conservation of energy theory always true in ultrasound?

A

No

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2
Q

What kind of interference do inphase waves have?

A

They have constructive interference

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3
Q

What kind of interference do outphase waves have?

A

They have destructive interference

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4
Q

What is constructive interference? How does it appear on ultrasound

A

The compression and infractions line up. The result is a larger amplitude and more hyperechoic appearance.

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5
Q

What is destructive interference? How does it appear on ultrasound

A

The compression and infractions are opposite. They would be subtracted for a smaller amplitude and hypoechoic appearance.

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6
Q

What does it mean when two things are related in physics?

A

They can either be directly or inversely proportional

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7
Q

What does it mean when two things are unrelated in physics?

A

They are not associated with the other option

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8
Q

what is a medium

A

the material you are scanning through.

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9
Q

what is the source?

A

the origin of the ultrasound beam

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10
Q

What are the four properties of a soundwave

A

mechanical, cannot travel through a vaccuum, travels in a straight line, longitudinal wave

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11
Q

what are the three acoustic variables?

A

Pressure, density, distance.

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12
Q

Define pressure

A

concentration of force in an area

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13
Q

Define density

A

the concentration of mass in an area.

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14
Q

what direction is a transverse wave?

A

perpendicular to the wave travel

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15
Q

What does it mean that sound cannot travel through a vacuum

A

it needs a medium (skin, water, air, gel) to travel through.

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16
Q

Hz is a term that is interchangable with ..?

A

cycles

17
Q

what does adjustable or non adjustable mean?

A

Whether the property can be adjusted within a given wave.

18
Q

define a period in physics. What is it determined by and is it adjustable?

A

the measurement of time taken to complete one cycle. It is determined by the source and is not adjustable.

19
Q

define wavelength in physics. What is it determined by and is it adjustable?

A

the measurement of the distance of one cycle. It is determined by both the source and the medium and it is not adjustable.

20
Q

define frequency in physics. What is it determined by and is it adjustable?

A

the number of events that occur in a given amount of time. It is determined by the source and is not adjustable.

21
Q

The Frequency is inversely related to which property?

A

The period and wavelength

22
Q

What do the acoustic variables determine?

A

They distinguish between soundwaves and other waves

23
Q

What are the acoustic parameters?

A

Period, frequency, wavelengeth, amplitude, power, intensity, velocity

24
Q

What is interference?

A

When two sound waves occur at the same time in the same medium. They join to create one wave.

25
Q

define amplitude in physics. What is it determined by and is it adjustable?

A

the difference between the maximum or minimum value and the average. It’s determined by source and is adjustable

26
Q

What is Peak-to-Peak amplitude

A

Difference between the maximum and minimum
values

27
Q

define power in physics. What is it determined by and is it adjustable?

A

the rate at which work is performed. It is determined by source and is adjustable.

28
Q

define insensity in physics. What is it determined by and is it adjustable?

A

concentration of energy in a sound beam in Watts. It is determined by the source and adjustable.

29
Q

How are intensity, power, and amplitude related?

A

They are directly related. Intensity and power are related to amplitude squared.

30
Q

define propagation speed in physics. What is it determined by and is it adjustable?

A

rate at which a sound wave travels through a medium. it’s determined by medium and not adjustable

31
Q

What is the average speed of sound in soft tissue

A

1540 m/s

32
Q

How are frequency and wavelength related

A

they are inversely related.

33
Q

What is attenuation? What determines it?

A

Attenuation is the weakening of the beam during a cycle. A high frequency and longer path will increase attenuation.

34
Q

Between solid, liquid, and gas, which does sound travel fastest? slowest?

A

Fastest in solid, slowest in gas

35
Q

what happens to the speed when you increase frequency?

A

notthing.

36
Q

Are wavelength and velocity related?

A

No

37
Q

If the sonographer has increased the amplitude of a wave by a factor of 4, what happens to power

A

it increases by 16

38
Q

How do you determine wavelength?

A

divide 1.54 mm by the frequency

39
Q

Out of a group of period lengths, which would have the lowest frequency?

A

The longest period of time.

104, 105- Ultrasound Physics (1 decks)

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