Chapter 1-3 Flashcards
What is a Common-Interest Community?
- Defined by a common interest or goal
- Can include a collection of people, even if they are widely scattered geographically
- Example: Moms Demand Action (fighting for stricter gun laws nationally)
What is a Community of Solution?
- Coming together to solve a problem that affects all
- Involves the nature of the problem, the size of the area affected, and the sources needed to address the problem
- Example: a water pollution problem that affects several countries –> communicate and contribute to control the water supply and treat it
What additional factors influence health that is not medical care?
Location of home, education, diet, exercise, accessibility of health care, and health behaviors
Divided into health behaviors, clinical care, social/economical factors, and physical environment
How can culture influence of shape your view of health?
- Health = freedom and absence of evil
- Illness = punishment for being bad or doing evil or a result of witchcraft
- Other = religion, superstition, folk beliefs, or old wives’ tales
What is a health continuum?
- Range of degrees from optimal health at one end to total disability or death at the other
- Levels of illness or wellness
- Example: a person who has controlled HTN can have an increasing level of wellness, but when stopping medications, they can vary to a increasing level of illness
Primary Prevention
- Precludes the occurrence of a health problem; measure to not have it happen
- anticipatory planning and action
- Examples: Vaccinations, Installment of safety devices (fall prevention), education on diet/exercise, safe sex practice
Secondary Prevention
- Efforts to detect and treat existing health problems ASAP; want to control or eradicate it
- Early detection + treatment to prevent it from being a bigger issue/concern
- Example: routine exams and health maintenance (paps, mammos, etc.), HTN and cholesterol screening programs
- Early treatment of these issues can prevent heart attacks, strokes, etc.
Tertiary Prevention
- Attempt to reduce the extent of severity of a health problem
- Minimize disability and restore/preserve function
- Example: PT after undergoing a stroke, surgery, etc. Early detection and management of DM to reduce problems or slow progression
Difference between clinical nursing (hospital setting) and C/PH nursing
- Patients seek help in clinical nursing because they have health problems
- C/PHN seek out potential health problems in the community (identification and prevention); target focus primarily on the wellbeing side of the spectrum vs. illness
Subjective/Objective Health
Subjective- how well people feel
Objective- how well they are able to function
What are the primary core functions of public health? Where are they applied to?
3 core functions= assessment, policy development, and assurance – applied to individuals, families, and communities
What are the 10 essential services?
Monitor Health; Diagnose and Investigate; Uniform, Educate, and Empower; Mobilize Community Partnerships, Develop Principles; Enforce Laws; Link to Services; Assure Competent Workforce; Evaluate; Research and System Management
What is Assessment?
Systematic collection, assembly, analysis, and dissemination of information about the health of a community
Focus: Assess and monitor population health; Investigate, diagnose, and address health hazards and root causes
What is Policy development?
The use of scientific information gather during the assessment phase to create comprehensive public health policies
Focus: Communicate effectively to inform and educate; Strengthen, support, and mobilize communities and partnerships; Create champion and implement policies, plans, and laws; Utilize legal and regulatory actions
What is Assurance?
The pledge to constituents that services necessary to achieve agree-upon goals are provided by encouraging actions of other (private or public), requiring action through regulation, or providing service directly
KEY: think quality assurance
Focus: Enable equitable access; Build a diverse and skilled workforce; Improve and innovate through evaluation, research, and quality improvement; build and maintain a strong organizational infrastructure for public health
What are the 8 domains/competencies of Public Health Nursin?
Assessment and analytic skills; Policy development/program planning skills; Communication skills; Cultural competency skills; Community dimensions of practice skills; Public health sciences skills; Financial planning, evaluation, and management skills; Leadership and systems thinking skills
