Chapter 1 Flashcards
Inert gasses
Noble gases (group 8A)
Metalloids
Semi-metals
Halogens
Sub class of non metals
Main group metals
Metals in 1A-5A
Transition metals
The elements in groups 3-15
Representative elements
The elements in groups 1A-8A
Groups
Vertical columns on the periodic table
Periods
Horizontal columns on the periodic table
Atomic mass unit
Having a mass of exactly and the atomic masses of the remaining elements are based on their mass relative to the isotope
Chemical symbol
Consists of one or two letters and the relationship between the symbol and the name of the element
Matter
1. physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy. "the structure and properties of matter" "organic matter" synonyms: material, substance, stuff "decaying vegetable matter" written or printed material. "reading matter"
Inorganic chem.
the branch of chemistry that deals with inorganic compounds.
Organic chem.
noun
the chemistry of carbon compounds (other than simple salts such as carbonates, oxides, and carbides).
Bio chem
noun
the branch of science concerned with the chemical and physicochemical processes that occur within living things
Atoms
the basic unit of a chemical element.
Neutron
noun
a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge, present in all atomic nuclei except those of ordinary hydrogen.
Proton
noun
a stable subatomic particle occurring in all atomic nuclei, with a positive electric charge equal in magnitude to that of an electron, but of opposite sign.
Electron
noun
a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity in solids.
Nucleus
the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth.
Elements
2.
each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances and are primary constituents of matter.
Isotopes
noun
each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element.
Mass numbers
Noun
the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
Atomic mass
noun
the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units. It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for the relative abundances of different isotopes.
Atomic number
Noun
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.
Periodic table
noun
a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in vertical columns.
Scientific notation
a method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number between 1 and 10, multiplied by a power of 10.
Quantum mechanics
noun
the branch of mechanics that deals with the mathematical description of the motion and interaction of subatomic particles, incorporating the concepts of quantization of energy, wave-particle duality, the uncertainty principle, and the correspondence principle.
Hunds rules
every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.
Orbital
noun
each of the actual or potential patterns of electron density that may be formed in an atom or molecule by one or more electrons, and that can be represented as a wave function.
