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Computer Programing > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

0
Q

What is an Aggregator Variable?

A

Stores a list of values built up over time and remembers separate individual values

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1
Q

What is an accumulator variable?

A

Maintains a running total.

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2
Q

What is an Agile Design?

A

A method of software development that emphasizes frequent client input to produce better end products.

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3
Q

What is an Algorithm?

A

A step-by-step procedure, like a recipe, but often involving decisions.

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4
Q

What is a best so far variable?

A

It Keeps track of a record best or worst and updates when a new record best or worst has been reached.

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5
Q

What is a Boolean expression?

A

Evaluates to either true or false; used in the conditional of an if-structure.

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6
Q

What is a bug?

A

Part of a program that causes an error or undesired output.

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7
Q

What is a Central Processing Unit (CPU, or core)

A

The part of the computer that executes one instruction at a time.

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8
Q

What is code?

A

Instructions in a program.

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9
Q

What is conditional?

A

The Boolean expression in an if-structure that is evaluated to determine which branch of code to execute.

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10
Q

What is debugging?

A

The process of figuring out why code doesn’t behave as expected and eliminating bugs to make it work as desired.

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11
Q

What is encapsulation?

A

Keeping details (like data and procedures) together in one part of a program so that programmers working on other parts of the program don’t need to know about them.

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12
Q

What is an event?

A

A “trigger” from the user or from a program that causes a specific part of the program to execute.

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13
Q

What is an event handler?

A

A piece of code that responds to an event.

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14
Q

What is it to execute?

A

To run a program or a single instruction.

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15
Q

What is a fixed variable?

A

Stores a value that will not change over the course of the entire program.

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16
Q

What is an if instruction?

A

Evaluates a Boolean expression and executes some code if the expression is true (and possibly other code if it is false).

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17
Q

What is an input?

A

Data that is used by a program.

18
Q

What is an integrated development environment (IDE)?

A

Provides a developer with a way to create a program, run the program, and debug the program all within one application.

19
Q

What is an iteration?

A

Repeating a step-by-step procedure several times; also used to refer to single execution of that repetitive procedure.

20
Q

What is memory?

A

The parts of computer that can store data or instruction, including volatile memory (lost when the computer is turned off) and non-volatile memory (retained when the computer is turned off).

21
Q

What is meta-information?

A

Information about a program or data file, including date created and author information.

22
Q

What is a method?

A

A set of instructions grouped together to do something to or with an object.

23
Q

What is a method call?

A

An instruction to use a method.

24
Q

What is a moduler code?

A

A group of instructive code that exists as an independent unit, which is easy to use with other code as needed.

25
Q

What is a most recent variable?

A

Stores user input or stores information about a program’s state that changes unpredictably.

26
Q

What is a one way flag variable?

A

Stores whether a condition has been true yet; reset before iteration and possibly raised during iteration.

27
Q

What is an output?

A

The effect that a program has on its environment.

28
Q

What is a Product backlog?

A

A prioritized list of user stories, showing both short- and long-term goals of a software development team.

29
Q

What is pseudocode?

A

An outline of the basic ideas behind how algorithms will work.

30
Q

What is script?

A

A set of instructions. In Scratch a script is a single stack of blocks belonging to one sprite or to the stage.

31
Q

What is a scrum?

A

The most common framework for Agile Development.

32
Q

What is a sprint task list?

A

list of small specific tasks to be completed during the current sprint in the scrum method of software development.

33
Q

What is a sprite?

A

A graphics object that can be moved on top of or behind a background.

34
Q

What is a state?

A

Data that describes everything about how a program exists at a given time; a snapshot of a program.

35
Q

What is a state diagram?

A

Shows the ways that a program could progress from each state to other states.

36
Q

What is a stepper variable?

A

A variable that counts in an arithmetic sequence, usually counting by ones starting at 0 or 1.

37
Q

What is a syntax?

A

Precise rules defining how the letters, words, and punctuation of a programming language are required to be used together.

38
Q

What is turing test?

A

One method of determining the strength of artificial intelligence, in which a human tries to decide if the intelligence at the other end of a text chat is human.

39
Q

What is user stories?

A

Plain-language description of a user’s need for the software under development, usually phrased as “(who) wants to (do what within the software) so that they can (do what in real life)”.

40
Q

What are variable roles?

A

Describe why a variable is being used in a program.

41
Q

What is a walker variable?

A

Stores one item from a list at a time during iteration.

42
Q

What is a water fall design?

A

A method of software development that emphasizes completing each stage of the design process before beginning the next stage.

Computer Programing (1 decks)

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