Chapter 1

Question 0

What is an Aggregator Variable?

Answer 0

Stores a list of values built up over time and remembers separate individual values

Question 1

What is an accumulator variable?

Answer 1

Maintains a running total.

Question 2

What is an Agile Design?

Answer 2

A method of software development that emphasizes frequent client input to produce better end products.

Question 3

What is an Algorithm?

Answer 3

A step-by-step procedure, like a recipe, but often involving decisions.

Question 4

What is a best so far variable?

Answer 4

It Keeps track of a record best or worst and updates when a new record best or worst has been reached.

Question 5

What is a Boolean expression?

Answer 5

Evaluates to either true or false; used in the conditional of an if-structure.

Question 6

What is a bug?

Answer 6

Part of a program that causes an error or undesired output.

Question 7

What is a Central Processing Unit (CPU, or core)

Answer 7

The part of the computer that executes one instruction at a time.

Question 8

What is code?

Answer 8

Instructions in a program.

Question 9

What is conditional?

Answer 9

The Boolean expression in an if-structure that is evaluated to determine which branch of code to execute.

Question 10

What is debugging?

Answer 10

The process of figuring out why code doesn’t behave as expected and eliminating bugs to make it work as desired.

Question 11

What is encapsulation?

Answer 11

Keeping details (like data and procedures) together in one part of a program so that programmers working on other parts of the program don’t need to know about them.

Question 12

What is an event?

Answer 12

A “trigger” from the user or from a program that causes a specific part of the program to execute.

Question 13

What is an event handler?

Answer 13

A piece of code that responds to an event.

Question 14

What is it to execute?

Answer 14

To run a program or a single instruction.

Question 15

What is a fixed variable?

Answer 15

Stores a value that will not change over the course of the entire program.

Question 16

What is an if instruction?

Answer 16

Evaluates a Boolean expression and executes some code if the expression is true (and possibly other code if it is false).

Question 17

What is an input?

Answer 17

Data that is used by a program.

Question 18

What is an integrated development environment (IDE)?

Answer 18

Provides a developer with a way to create a program, run the program, and debug the program all within one application.

Question 19

What is an iteration?

Answer 19

Repeating a step-by-step procedure several times; also used to refer to single execution of that repetitive procedure.

Question 20

What is memory?

Answer 20

The parts of computer that can store data or instruction, including volatile memory (lost when the computer is turned off) and non-volatile memory (retained when the computer is turned off).

Question 21

What is meta-information?

Answer 21

Information about a program or data file, including date created and author information.

Question 22

What is a method?

Answer 22

A set of instructions grouped together to do something to or with an object.

Question 23

What is a method call?

Answer 23

An instruction to use a method.

Question 24

What is a moduler code?

Answer 24

A group of instructive code that exists as an independent unit, which is easy to use with other code as needed.

Question 25

What is a most recent variable?

Answer 25

Stores user input or stores information about a program’s state that changes unpredictably.

Question 26

What is a one way flag variable?

Answer 26

Stores whether a condition has been true yet; reset before iteration and possibly raised during iteration.

Question 27

What is an output?

Answer 27

The effect that a program has on its environment.

Question 28

What is a Product backlog?

Answer 28

A prioritized list of user stories, showing both short- and long-term goals of a software development team.

Question 29

What is pseudocode?

Answer 29

An outline of the basic ideas behind how algorithms will work.

Question 30

What is script?

Answer 30

A set of instructions. In Scratch a script is a single stack of blocks belonging to one sprite or to the stage.

Question 31

What is a scrum?

Answer 31

The most common framework for Agile Development.

Question 32

What is a sprint task list?

Answer 32

list of small specific tasks to be completed during the current sprint in the scrum method of software development.

Question 33

What is a sprite?

Answer 33

A graphics object that can be moved on top of or behind a background.

Question 34

What is a state?

Answer 34

Data that describes everything about how a program exists at a given time; a snapshot of a program.

Question 35

What is a state diagram?

Answer 35

Shows the ways that a program could progress from each state to other states.

Question 36

What is a stepper variable?

Answer 36

A variable that counts in an arithmetic sequence, usually counting by ones starting at 0 or 1.

Question 37

What is a syntax?

Answer 37

Precise rules defining how the letters, words, and punctuation of a programming language are required to be used together.

Question 38

What is turing test?

Answer 38

One method of determining the strength of artificial intelligence, in which a human tries to decide if the intelligence at the other end of a text chat is human.

Question 39

What is user stories?

Answer 39

Plain-language description of a user’s need for the software under development, usually phrased as “(who) wants to (do what within the software) so that they can (do what in real life)”.

Question 40

What are variable roles?

Answer 40

Describe why a variable is being used in a program.

Question 41

What is a walker variable?

Answer 41

Stores one item from a list at a time during iteration.

Question 42

What is a water fall design?

Answer 42

A method of software development that emphasizes completing each stage of the design process before beginning the next stage.