Chapter 1 Flashcards
What was the land bridge and why did it develop
Connected the lands so animals and people migrated- ice age
population figures of mesoamerica and the mississippian region prior to the arrival of columbus
meso-40 million
miss-7 million
what countries led in the discovery of the New World and why?
Portugal and Spain–because they were on western edge of europe
what is matrilineal and which cultures were?
a system of family organization in which social identity and property descend through the female line. children are raised in their mother’s household and her brother (uncle) plays an important role in their lives. Eastern Woodlands did this
what was the renaissance
rebirth of interest and knowledge- more discoveries
what was the reformation
split christian church
who was martin luther
he condemned the sale of indulgences. 95 thesis and started reformation
who was john calvin
most proponent of predestination which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology. You we chosen to either go to heaven or hell by birth.
indulgences
a certificate granted by the Catholic Church that claimed to pardon a sinner from punishment in the afterlife
predestinations
the idea that God chooses certain people for salvation even before they are born
what was columbus’ goals
reach east indies
what nation sponsored columbus
Spain
why might mayan culture have declined
drought and rise of Native American groups
which cultural region (mississippian or mesoamerican) declined first
mesoamerican
who conquered the aztecs
Hernando Cortes
who conquered the incas
Spanish explorer Francisco Pizarro
which european nation first engaged in the african slave trade
Portugal
what were encomiendas
land grants in america given by the spanish kings to privileged landholders. They also had control over native peoples who lieved on or near the estates
why did disease devastate native american cultures
they had been isolated from Europe and so they had no immune system
connection between Henry VIII and the church of england
English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval)
what was mercantilism
set of parliamentary policies that regulated colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain. Policies ensured that the American colonies produced agricultural goods and raw materials for export to britain, where they sold to other nations to make into finished goods
2 types of west african religious beliefs
muslim and animism (worshiping spirits)
