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Honors Earth And Space > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Atmosphere

A

Gas envelope

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1
Q

Hydro

A

Water

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2
Q

Geology

A

Solid Earth (crust, mantle, core)

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3
Q

Biology

A

Life on Earth

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4
Q

How much of Earths surface is covered in water?

A

97%

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5
Q

The study of interactions of organisms and their surroundings, which includes the topics of natural resources, pollution, alternative energy sources, and the impact of humans on the atmosphere

A

Environmental Science

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6
Q

The area of earth science specialization which studies Earth’s oceans

A

Oceanography

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7
Q

The area of earth science specialization which studies the materials that make up Earth, the processes that form and change these materials, and the history of our planet and its life-forms since its origin

A

Geology

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8
Q

Area of earth specialization which studies the forces and processes that cause the atmosphere to change and produce weather

A

Meteorology

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9
Q

The area of earth science specialization which studies objects beyond Earth’s atmosphere

A

Astronomy

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10
Q

List 4 activities of a geologists

A

Study plate tectonics-predict earthquakes
Make maps-informed when we have a place to live
Explore oil- find fuel for cars and other items
Study fossils-find history of the earth

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11
Q

Distance light travels in one year (5.8 trillion miles)

A

Light year

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12
Q

An instrument that refracts light

A

Spectroscope

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13
Q

What happens to light when it is refracted?

A

Bends light

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14
Q

Distance between the peak of two waves

A

Wavelength

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15
Q

Visible color spectrum- what color is the longest and shortest

A

Longest-red

Shortest-blue

16
Q

A series of thin colored lines spaced at uneven intervals

A

Emission spectrum

17
Q

Composition of sun??

A

70% hydrogen and 28% helium and traces of 100 other elements

18
Q

Apparent shift in wavelengths by any energy source

A

Doppler Effect

19
Q

If an energy source is moving away from an observer, do the wavelengths appear shorter or longer

A

Longer

20
Q

Composed of clusters of stars

A

Galaxy

21
Q

How many stars are in a typical galaxy?

A

100 billion

22
Q

Approximately how many galaxies are in the universe?

A

50 billion to 1 trillion

23
Q

Are galaxies moving away from Earth blue shifted or red shifted?

A

Red shifted

24
Q

Are most galaxies red shifted or blue shifted?

A

Red shifted

25
Q

What is the galaxy we live in?

A

Milkyway

26
Q

Most distant galaxies are moving the fastest (which means the universe is expanding)

A

Hubble’s Law

27
Q

Is the universe contracting or expanding?

A

Expanding

28
Q

Early universe was dense and hot and universe expand, cool, condense, and clump

A

Big bang model

29
Q

What is the difference between theory and hypothesis

A

Hypothesis is an educated guess

Theory has been tested many many times

30
Q

What is the KT boundary?

A

K-cretaceous where the dinosaurs were until the end is where they are gone
T-tertiary mammals began to reproduce and expand in number

31
Q

What was the the first clue an asteroid had struck Earth at around the same time as the mass extinction

A

Iridium

32
Q

Other observations that support the asteroid theory in the KT boundary?

A

Shock quartz, glass like beads ( rained down ), and boulders from tsunami

33
Q

What piece of evidence definitely showed an asteroid had struck Earth

A

Crater- Chicxulub

34
Q

How does the asteroid impact hypothesis explain extinction of dinosaurs and other species?

A

Dinosaurs died from shock, broiled to death, smoke in lungs, lack of sunlight stopping photosynthesis which caused the whole food chain to fall

35
Q

Everyone believes this theory to be true? True or False?

A

False

36
Q

Everyone was slow go accept the asteroid impact theory…why?

A

The man who came up with it was a physicist to they doubted his ability and knowledge

37
Q

Why did smaller animals survive asteroid impact?

A

Smaller amount of food needed, shorter gestation period, lived in the ground so some protection, and reproduce in larger numbers

Honors Earth And Space (1 decks)

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