Chapter 1-2 Introduction to Chemistry; Matter and Change

Question 0

Study the Safety Rules

Answer 0

1 True/False (T/F); 1 Multiple Choice (MC)

Also find in Notability

Question 1

Review Laboratory Equipment

Answer 1

(9 Matching) Review Equipment- on Notability

Question 2

Hydrogen: Basic Information

1 MC

Answer 2

Nonmetal, 1 valence electron, most abundant, flammable, colorless, odorless, light.

Question 3

Ammonium ion:
(1 MC)
{Just be able to identify it’s label. Ex: Hydrogen= H)

Answer 3

NH₄⁺

Question 4

Proper Bunsen Burner Flame

1 MC

Answer 4

Blue Flame

Question 5

Branches of Chemistry with Application

(2 MC)-over the next 5 cards…

Answer 5

over the next 5 cards…

Question 6

Inorganic

Branches of Chemistry with Application

Answer 6

Non-carbon

Question 7

Organic

Branches of Chemistry with Application

Answer 7

Carbon

Question 8

Analytical

Branches of Chemistry with Application

Answer 8

Analyze; How much? What? Measurement

Question 9

Biochemistry

Branches of Chemistry with Application

Answer 9

Protein; DNA; any biological process

Question 10

Physical

Branches of Chemistry with Application

Answer 10

Energy; Mechanism; How did it happen?

Question 11

Pure (vs.) Applied Chemistry

1 MC

Answer 11

Pure–to gain knowledge; no technical goal

Applied–does have a technical goal

Question 12

Technology

1 T/F

Answer 12

Practical application for society.

Question 13

Scientific Method

(5 Short Answer)- over the next 3 cards…

Answer 13

over the next 3 cards…

Question 14

Independent Variable

Scientific Method

Answer 14

Controlled by experimenter; manipulated variable; is what makes the dependent variable change. You change and control.

Question 15

Dependent Variable

Scientific Method

Answer 15

The result of the independent variable; responding variable; depends on the independent variable.

Question 16

Controls

Scientific Method

Answer 16

Variables other than the independent and dependent that must be maintained constant. Don’t change (time, amount, etc.)

Question 17

Quantitative (vs.) Qualitative

1 T/F

Answer 17

Quantitative–How much? How long?; numerical

Qualitative–What are its qualities? What is it made of?; descriptive

Question 18

Theory (vs.) Law

1 T/F

Answer 18

Theory–an explanation for an observation; can change over time as new data is collected and analyzed
Law–fact; doesn’t change

Question 19

Extensive (vs.) Intensive Properties (with application)

2 MC

Answer 19

Extensive–has to do w/ amount of mass/matter (mass, volume, energy)
Intensive–has to do w/ the nature of something/ identify substance (color, density, texture, boiling pt., melting pt., the amount of mass/matter does not matter)

Question 20

Physical (vs.) Chemical Properties (with application)

2 MC

Answer 20

Physical–Can be observed or measured w/out changing the identity of the substance. Ex: texture, appearance, density, melting point, and boiling point
Chemical–relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances. Ex: how it reacts with other substances

Question 21

Comparison of a Solid, Liquid, & Gas w/ Respect to Shape & Volume
(1 MC)

Answer 21

Solid–definite shape & volume
Liquid–definite volume; not shape
Gas–no definite shape or volume

Question 22

Physical (vs.) Chemical Changes (with application)

4 MC

Answer 22

Physical–doesn’t change identity, just appearance. Ex: change of state
Chemical–transformed into a chemically different substance; change in identity

Question 23

Definitions and Relationships

(2 T/F)-over the next 3 questions…

Answer 23

over the next 3 questions…

Question 24

Atom | Definitions and Relationships

Answer 24

The smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of the element.

Question 25

Element | Definitions and Relationships

Answer 25

Pure substance-element that cannot be broken down by physical means-made up of only one kind of atom.

Question 26

Compound | Definitions and Relationships

Answer 26

Pure substance made from the of two or more different elements chemically bonded.

Question 27

Classification of Matter (with application) | (2 T/F; 5 MC)-over the next 4 cards...

Answer 27

over the next 4 cards...

Question 28

Pure Substances | Classification of Matter

Answer 28

Elements or compounds that can NOT be broken down by physical means.

Question 29

Mixtures | Classification of Matter

Answer 29

A mix of more than one pure substance and can be separated by physical means.

Question 30

Homogeneous Mixture | Classification of Matter

Answer 30

a mixture where the components that make up the mixture are uniformly/equally distributed throughout the mixture.

Question 31

Heterogeneous Mixture | Classification of Matter

Answer 31

A mixture where the components of the mixture are not uniform/equally distributed or have localized regions with different properties.

Question 32

Separation of Mixtures by Physical Means (with application) | (2 MC)-over the next 4 cards...

Answer 32

over the next 4 cards...

Question 33

Filtration | Separation of Mixtures by Physical Means

Answer 33

Process where the mixture is poured through a filter...large particles stay in, the smaller particles go out.

Question 34

Decantation | Separation of Mixtures by Physical Means

Answer 34

A process where you a mixture is settled and separated by gravity; the lightweight substance leaves and the heavier stays.

Question 35

Centrifuge | Separation of Mixtures by Physical Means

Answer 35

A motorized piece of laboratory equipment which spins liquid samples to separate their components based on density.

Question 36

Chromatography | Separation of Mixtures by Physical Means

Answer 36

The technique of separating and analysing the components of a mixture of liquids or gases by selective adsorption.

Question 37

``` Periodic Table (with application) (3 MC)-over the next 4 cards... ```

Answer 37

over the next 4 cards...

Question 38

Group vs. Period | Periodic Table

Answer 38

Group-down columns; Period-across rows

Question 39

Metal vs. Nonmetals | Periodic Table

Answer 39

Metals are on the left; Nonmetals on the right

Question 40

Metalloids | Periodic Table

Answer 40

on stairsteps

Question 41

Noble Gases | Periodic Table

Answer 41

Group 18 (Last group on the far right)

Question 42

The Parts of a Chemical Reaction | 1 T/F

Answer 42

Reactants-->Products

Question 43

Law of Conservation of Mass | 1 T/F

Answer 43

Mass is not created or destroyed in both chemical and physical changes. *Mass of the reactants=Mass of products*